de Vargas Divane, Ramírez Erika Gisseth León, da Silva Filho José Adelmo, Lima Ana Vitória Correa, Marques Dionasson Altivo, Volpato Rosa Jacinto, Dos Santos Lucas Cardoso, Pereira Caroline Figueira
University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar, 419 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 05403-000, SP, Brazil.
BMC Womens Health. 2025 Feb 15;25(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03552-2.
Women were more prone to consuming alcohol as a coping mechanism for COVID-19 pandemic stressors than men. Worldwide evidence shows increased consumption during the social restriction phases, adversely impacting women's health. The study aimed to describe women's alcohol use throughout the restriction phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo, Brazil.
A cross-sectional self-report survey was conducted by telephone with women who sought primary health care services. The sample comprised 3252 women, and 1308 (40%) reported consuming alcohol. The independent variable was the timing of the COVID-19 pandemic's restriction phases. The AUDIT-C was used as a measurement instrument. The covariates included sociodemographic factors, lifestyle characteristics, and outcomes related to COVID-19 infection. Univariate and bivariate models were used for analysis. A negative binomial distribution with zero inflation was used for the AUDIT-C score as the outcome variable in the entire sample.
Women's alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 restriction phase was compatible with moderate-risk use 3.5 (SD = 2.9). Binge drinking was observed in 41.8% of the participants. Alcohol consumption was 28.9% higher in the transition phase of social restriction than in the restriction and flexibilization phases. Hospitalization for COVID-19 and losing a loved one due to COVID-19 were associated with alcohol consumption.
Women presented a moderate-risk pattern of alcohol use. This consumption was higher during the restriction phase of the pandemic in South America's largest city. Therefore, this study provides critical reflections on women's patterns of alcohol consumption. It reveals this population's social and clinical vulnerability, which might be considered in future health policies and programs.
与男性相比，女性更倾向于将饮酒作为应对新冠疫情压力源的一种方式。全球证据表明，在社会限制阶段饮酒量有所增加，这对女性健康产生了不利影响。该研究旨在描述巴西圣保罗市在新冠疫情限制阶段女性的饮酒情况。
通过电话对寻求初级卫生保健服务的女性进行了一项横断面自我报告调查。样本包括3252名女性，其中1308名（40%）报告有饮酒行为。自变量是新冠疫情限制阶段的时间。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试简版（AUDIT-C）作为测量工具。协变量包括社会人口学因素、生活方式特征以及与新冠病毒感染相关的结果。采用单变量和双变量模型进行分析。对于整个样本，将带有零膨胀的负二项分布用于以AUDIT-C分数作为结果变量。
在新冠疫情限制阶段，女性的饮酒情况与中度风险使用相符，评分为3.5（标准差=2.9）。41.8%的参与者存在暴饮行为。在社会限制的过渡阶段，饮酒量比限制和放宽阶段高28.9%。因新冠病毒感染住院以及因新冠病毒感染失去亲人与饮酒有关。
女性呈现出中度风险的饮酒模式。在这个南美最大城市的疫情限制阶段，饮酒量更高。因此，本研究对女性饮酒模式提供了重要思考。它揭示了这一人群的社会和临床脆弱性，这在未来的卫生政策和项目中可能需要考虑。
