Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium,
Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.
Eur Addict Res. 2020;26(6):309-315. doi: 10.1159/000510822. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has led to measures of social distancing and quarantine worldwide. This stressful period may lead to psychological problems, including increases in substance use.
To investigate changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption before and during COVID-19 lockdown and motives for these changes in substance use.
A web-based survey was filled out by an unselected population during the social distancing measures of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium that assessed changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption in the period before and during the COVID-19 lockdown and also asked about reasons for change.
A total of 3,632 respondents (mean age 42.1 ± 14.6 years; 70% female) filled out the survey. Overall, respondents reported consuming more alcohol (d = 0.21) and smoking more cigarettes (d = 0.13) than before the COVID-19 pandemic (both p < 0.001), while no significant changes in the consumption of cannabis were noted. The odds of consuming more alcohol during the lockdown were associated with younger age (OR = 0.981, p < 0.001), more children at home (OR = 1.220, p < 0.001), non-healthcare workers (p < 0.001), and being technically unemployed related to COVID-19 (p = 0.037). The odds of smoking more cigarettes during the lockdown were associated with younger age (OR = 0.988, p = 0.027), current living situation (p < 0.001), lower education (p = 0.015), and working situation related to COVID-19 (p = 0.018). Boredom, lack of social contacts, loss of daily structure, reward after a hard-working day, loneliness, and conviviality were the main reasons for consuming more of the various substances.
During the lockdown, individuals consumed slightly more alcohol and smoked marginally more cigarettes compared to the period before the lockdown. Further research focussing on follow-up of individuals at risk may be useful to provide appropriate care in post-COVID times.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的爆发导致全球采取了社会隔离和检疫措施。这一紧张时期可能导致心理问题，包括物质使用增加。
调查 COVID-19 封锁前后酒精、烟草和大麻消费的变化，以及这些物质使用变化的动机。
在比利时 COVID-19 大流行期间的社会隔离措施期间，通过一项基于网络的调查，对 COVID-19 大流行前和封锁期间的酒精、烟草和大麻消费变化进行评估，并询问变化的原因。
共有 3632 名受访者（平均年龄 42.1±14.6 岁；70%为女性）填写了调查。总体而言，受访者报告称，与 COVID-19 大流行前相比，他们饮酒量（d=0.21）和吸烟量（d=0.13）更多（均<0.001），而大麻消费没有显著变化。封锁期间饮酒量增加的可能性与年龄较小（OR=0.981，p<0.001）、家中有更多儿童（OR=1.220，p<0.001）、非医护人员（p<0.001）以及与 COVID-19 相关的技术性失业（p=0.037）有关。封锁期间吸烟量增加的可能性与年龄较小（OR=0.988，p=0.027）、当前居住情况（p<0.001）、教育程度较低（p=0.015）和与 COVID-19 相关的工作情况（p=0.018）有关。感到无聊、缺乏社会联系、失去日常结构、努力工作后的奖励、孤独和欢乐是消费更多各种物质的主要原因。
在封锁期间，与封锁前相比，个人略多饮酒，略多吸烟。进一步关注有风险的个体的后续研究可能有助于在 COVID-19 后提供适当的护理。
