Zhao Tianyu, Heinrich Joachim, Brauer Michael, Fulman Nir, Idrose Nur Sabrina, Baumbach Clemens, Buters Jeroen, Markevych Iana, Ritz Beate, Tham Rachel, Yang Bo-Yi, Zeng Xiao-Wen, Alashhab Samer, Gui Zhao-Huan, Lin Li-Zi, Nowak Dennis, Sadeh Maya, Singh Nitika, Dong Guang-Hui, Fuertes Elaine
Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
Environ Epidemiol. 2025 Feb 12;9(2):e372. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000372. eCollection 2025 Apr.
An increasing proportion of the world's population lives in urban settings that have limited greenspace. Urbanization puts pressure on existing greenspace and reduces its access. Climate impacts, including increased temperature and extreme weather events, challenge the maintenance of urban vegetation, reducing its ecosystem services and benefits for human health. Although urban greenspace has been positively associated with numerous health indicators, the evidence for allergies and respiratory health is much less clear and mixed. To address these uncertainties, a workshop with 20 global participants was held in Munich, Germany, in May 2024, focusing on the impact of greenspace-related co-exposures on allergies and respiratory health. This narrative review captures key insights from the workshop, including the roles of urban greenspace in (1) climate change mitigation, (2) interactions with pollen, and (3) emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds and their byproducts, such as ozone. Additionally, it presents research and stakeholder recommendations from the workshop. Future studies that integrate advanced greenspace exposure assessments and consider the interplay of greenspace with pollen and biogenic volatile organic compounds, along with their relevant byproducts are needed. Increased public awareness and policy actions will also be essential for developing urban greenspace that maximizes health benefits, minimizes risks, and ensures resilience amid a changing climate and rapid urbanization.
世界上越来越大比例的人口居住在绿地空间有限的城市环境中。城市化给现有的绿地空间带来压力，并减少了人们使用绿地的机会。包括气温上升和极端天气事件在内的气候影响，对城市植被的维护构成挑战，减少了其生态系统服务以及对人类健康的益处。尽管城市绿地空间与众多健康指标呈正相关，但有关过敏和呼吸健康方面的证据却远不那么清晰且参差不齐。为解决这些不确定性问题，2024年5月在德国慕尼黑举办了一场有20名全球参与者的研讨会，重点关注与绿地空间相关的共同暴露对过敏和呼吸健康的影响。这篇叙述性综述总结了研讨会上的关键见解，包括城市绿地空间在（1）缓解气候变化、（2）与花粉的相互作用以及（3）生物源挥发性有机化合物及其副产物（如臭氧）排放方面所起的作用。此外，它还介绍了研讨会上的研究成果和利益相关者的建议。未来需要开展整合先进绿地空间暴露评估并考虑绿地空间与花粉以及生物源挥发性有机化合物及其相关副产物之间相互作用的研究。提高公众意识和采取政策行动对于开发能最大限度提高健康益处、最小化风险并在气候变化和快速城市化背景下确保恢复力的城市绿地空间也至关重要。
