Ali Ahsan, Ferdosi Fiaz Hussain, Sarwar Mubeen, Anjum Sumreen, Mushtaq Zain, Liaquat Mehwish, Abbas Muhammad Taqqi, Anees Moazzam, Tariq Muhammad Rizwan, Ashraf M Irfan, Alasmari Abdulrahman, Mondol Md Sabir Ahmed, Abdi Gholamreza
Department of Horticulture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jan 31;15:1525561. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1525561. eCollection 2024.
Bitter gourd requires well-drained sandy to sandy loam soils for optimum growth, development, and germination, while its growth is retarded in extreme saline conditions. It is very sensitive to salinity stress, which imposes devastating limits on its productivity. Thus, the impact of soil salinization on the economics of bitter gourd yield deserves scientific inquiry.
The present study was designed to evaluate the various morphological attributes (mean germination time, germination index, final emergence percentage, measurements of root length, measurement of shoot length, measurement of plant dry biomass, and measurement of plant fresh biomass), physiological attributes (leaf chlorophyll content and electrolyte leakage), biochemical attributes (proline contents, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase Q9 , and peroxidase), leaf water relations (leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potential, leaf turgor potential, and leaf relative water content), and ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Ca +, and Cl-) that can be used for the evaluation of salt stress tolerance potential in bitter gourd. The research was conducted in the field area of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore.
In this experiment, bitter gourd seeds were sowed either without treatment or with hydropriming, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, and 0.05% chitosan, respectively, under 50mM soil salinity under the climatic conditions of Lahore. This research was designed to find the role of chitosan in inducing salt stress tolerance in bitter gourd plants and also find the best chitosan dose that is useful for higher salinity conditions. Different attributes of bitter gourd were recorded. Results revealed that chitosan application at 0.04% is best for enhancing the salt stress tolerance potential of bitter gourd. Different morphological attributes, physiological attributes, water relation attributes, and biochemical parameters were also recorded. It was observed that pre-sowing treatments with an optimized dose of 0.04% chitosan exhibited significant effects on all the bitter gourd plants and improved the germination rate by improving the salt stress tolerance potential of plants under high salinity.
It can be concluded from the present research that the optimized dose of 0.04% chitosan has also proved effective in the enzymatic activity of bitter gourd by enhancing the salt stress potential under increasing salt stress.
苦瓜需要排水良好的沙质至沙壤土，以实现最佳生长、发育和发芽，而在极端盐碱条件下其生长会受到抑制。它对盐分胁迫非常敏感，这对其生产力造成了毁灭性的限制。因此，土壤盐渍化对苦瓜产量经济性的影响值得进行科学探究。
本研究旨在评估各种形态学属性（平均发芽时间、发芽指数、最终出苗率、根长测量、茎长测量、植物干生物量测量和植物鲜生物量测量）、生理属性（叶片叶绿素含量和电解质渗漏）、生化属性（脯氨酸含量、抗氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶Q9和过氧化物酶）、叶片水分关系（叶片渗透势、叶片水势、叶片膨压势和叶片相对含水量）以及离子浓度（Na+、K+、Ca +和Cl-），这些可用于评估苦瓜的耐盐胁迫潜力。该研究在拉合尔旁遮普大学农业科学学院的田间区域进行。
在本实验中，苦瓜种子在拉合尔气候条件下，于50mM土壤盐分条件下分别进行无处理、水引发处理、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%和0.05%壳聚糖处理后播种。本研究旨在探究壳聚糖在诱导苦瓜植株耐盐胁迫中的作用，并找出对高盐度条件有用的最佳壳聚糖剂量。记录了苦瓜的不同属性。结果表明，0.04%的壳聚糖施用最有利于提高苦瓜的耐盐胁迫潜力。还记录了不同的形态学属性、生理属性、水分关系属性和生化参数。观察到，用0.04%的优化剂量进行播种前处理对所有苦瓜植株均有显著影响，并通过提高高盐度下植株的耐盐胁迫潜力提高了发芽率。
从本研究可以得出结论，0.04%的优化剂量壳聚糖通过在盐胁迫增加的情况下增强盐胁迫潜力，在苦瓜的酶活性方面也已证明是有效的。
