Chen Jingwen, Li Shaobo, Deng Bin, Wang Hongyuan, Sun Wenkui, Li Li, Bai Zongchun, Liu Jing
School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road Nanjing 210009 China
Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs 50 Zhongling Street Nanjing 210014 China
RSC Adv. 2025 Feb 18;15(7):5507-5522. doi: 10.1039/d4ra08826c. eCollection 2025 Feb 13.
Pathogenic bacterial infections represent a significant and ongoing threat to public health. The development of a sensitive, convenient, and accurate method for diagnosing pathogenic bacteria is a formidable challenge due to their low abundance in complex biological samples, especially in the early stages of diseases. In this study, a kind of phenylboronic acid-functionalized FeO nanoparticles (NPs), known as FeO@poly(PEGDA--MAAPBA) NPs, was developed for effectively enriching low levels of pathogenic bacteria from complex samples and then diagnosing them through microbiological cultures. In this design, the resultant FeO@poly(PEGDA--MAAPBA) NPs could recognize pathogenic bacteria because of the reversible reactions between the phenylboronic acid groups on the NPs and the -diol structures outside of the bacterial cells. By exploiting the magnetic properties of FeO NPs, bacteria were able to anchored onto the resulting NPs (NPs@bacteria) for easy enrichment. Utilizing microbiological culture techniques, successful cultivation of NPs@bacteria was achieved, demonstrating that bacterial activity remained unaffected during the enrichment process. The proposed method exhibited a limit of detection as low as 0.4 colony-forming units per milliliter. The FeO@poly(PEGDA--MAAPBA) NPs were applied successfully for testing in urine samples which were typically considered to be free of bacterial contamination, indicating excellent selectivity and enrichment capability of the prepared NPs in complex samples. It suggests that the FeO@poly(PEGDA--MAAPBA) NPs have the potential to become a powerful tool for early diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in the clinic.
致病性细菌感染对公众健康构成了重大且持续的威胁。由于致病性细菌在复杂生物样本中丰度较低，尤其是在疾病早期阶段，因此开发一种灵敏、便捷且准确的致病性细菌诊断方法是一项艰巨的挑战。在本研究中，一种名为FeO@聚（聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯 - 甲基丙烯酸氨基苯硼酸）纳米颗粒（NPs）的苯基硼酸功能化FeO纳米颗粒被开发出来，用于从复杂样本中有效富集低水平的致病性细菌，然后通过微生物培养对其进行诊断。在这种设计中，所得的FeO@聚（聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯 - 甲基丙烯酸氨基苯硼酸）纳米颗粒能够识别致病性细菌，这是因为纳米颗粒上的苯基硼酸基团与细菌细胞外部的二醇结构之间存在可逆反应。通过利用FeO纳米颗粒的磁性，细菌能够锚定在所得的纳米颗粒上（纳米颗粒@细菌）以便于富集。利用微生物培养技术，成功实现了纳米颗粒@细菌的培养，表明在富集过程中细菌活性未受影响。所提出的方法检测限低至每毫升0.4个菌落形成单位。FeO@聚（聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯 - 甲基丙烯酸氨基苯硼酸）纳米颗粒成功应用于通常被认为无细菌污染的尿液样本检测，表明所制备的纳米颗粒在复杂样本中具有出色的选择性和富集能力。这表明FeO@聚（聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯 - 甲基丙烯酸氨基苯硼酸）纳米颗粒有潜力成为临床上早期诊断致病性细菌的有力工具。
