Alnsour Taysir M, Altawili Mohammed Ahmad, Alghuraybi Shaima Mohammed A, Alshammari Joud Essa, Alanazi Anwar Ghudair T, Alanazi Menwer Ghudair T, Nur Abdirazak Ahmed Ali, Alharbi Manar A, Alanazi Albandari Saad
Anaesthesiology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, SAU.
General Practice, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, SAU.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 20;17(1):e77728. doi: 10.7759/cureus.77728. eCollection 2025 Jan.
General anesthesia is a critical component of surgical procedures, requiring effective ventilation strategies to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent complications. This narrative review aims to compare various ventilation techniques used during general anesthesia, focusing on their physiological foundations, clinical applications, and outcomes. Traditional methods, such as high tidal volume ventilation, have evolved into more sophisticated approaches, including protective lung ventilation, which are particularly beneficial for high-risk patients with respiratory comorbidities. The review highlights that protective lung ventilation, characterized by lower tidal volumes and optimal positive end-expiratory pressure, is associated with improved oxygenation, reduced incidence of post-operative pulmonary complications, and enhanced overall recovery. Despite the advantages of personalized ventilation approaches, current evidence remains limited by small sample sizes and variability in study designs. This underscores the need for larger, randomized controlled trials to establish definitive guidelines. Future research should also explore emerging technologies to optimize the real-time management of ventilation parameters. The findings emphasize the importance of individualized ventilation strategies in clinical practice to improve patient outcomes and inform policy development. By advancing our understanding of ventilation techniques, this review aims to contribute to safer anesthesia practices and enhance recovery in surgical patients.
全身麻醉是外科手术的关键组成部分，需要有效的通气策略来确保充足的氧合并预防并发症。本叙述性综述旨在比较全身麻醉期间使用的各种通气技术，重点关注其生理基础、临床应用和结果。传统方法，如高潮气量通气，已发展为更复杂的方法，包括肺保护性通气，这对患有呼吸系统合并症的高危患者特别有益。该综述强调，以较低潮气量和最佳呼气末正压为特征的肺保护性通气与改善氧合、降低术后肺部并发症发生率及促进整体恢复相关。尽管个性化通气方法具有优势，但目前的证据仍受样本量小和研究设计变异性的限制。这突出了开展更大规模随机对照试验以制定明确指南的必要性。未来研究还应探索新兴技术，以优化通气参数的实时管理。研究结果强调了临床实践中个体化通气策略对于改善患者预后和为政策制定提供依据的重要性。通过增进我们对通气技术的理解，本综述旨在促进更安全的麻醉实践并提高手术患者的恢复水平。
