Ren Tingyun, Yuchi Yinghao, Liao Wei, Kang Ning, Li Ruiying, Wang Chongjian
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Feb 6;13:1529570. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1529570. eCollection 2025.
Lifestyle may potentially influence blood pressure level, but the association of multiple healthy lifestyles with hypertension was limited, especially for rural population. The study aimed to explore the relationship of healthy lifestyles on hypertension, and then whether lifestyle change could influence hypertension in rural adults.
A total of 16,454 participants were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort study, in China. The healthy lifestyles score (HLS) was concluded by smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diet status and body mass index. Associations of HLS and lifestyle change with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were analyzed by generalized linear models, and with hypertension were analyzed by logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline plots.
The results from the generalized linear models showed SBP and DBP levels decreased with the HLS increasing ( < 0.01). Compared with participants with lower HLS (scored 0-2), the odds ratios () and 95% confidence intervals () for hypertension in those with HLS = 3, 4, or 5 were 0.853 (0.737, 0.987), 0.881 (0.754, 1.029), and 0.658 (0.519, 0.834), respectively. And compared with participants with unhealthy lifestyle consistently, those changing lifestyle from unhealthy to healthy had lower levels of blood pressure [ (95% ): SBP: -1.603 (-2.539, -0.668). DBP: -1.713 (-2.326, -1.100)] and hypertension risk [ (95%): 0.744 (0.594, 0.931)]. Similar results could be found by the sensitivity analysis.
The findings showed that healthy lifestyles could reduce blood pressure and hypertension risk, and that implementing healthier lifestyle changes could be an effective strategy to prevent hypertension in rural area.
生活方式可能会影响血压水平，但多种健康生活方式与高血压之间的关联有限，尤其是在农村人口中。本研究旨在探讨健康生活方式与高血压之间的关系，以及生活方式的改变是否会影响农村成年人的高血压情况。
从中国河南农村队列研究中招募了总共16454名参与者。健康生活方式得分（HLS）由吸烟状况、饮酒情况、身体活动、饮食状况和体重指数得出。通过广义线性模型分析HLS和生活方式改变与收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）之间的关联，通过逻辑回归模型和受限立方样条图分析与高血压之间的关联。
广义线性模型的结果显示，随着HLS的增加，SBP和DBP水平降低（<0.01）。与HLS较低（得分0 - 2）的参与者相比，HLS = 3、4或5的参与者患高血压的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）分别为0.853（0.737，0.987）、0.881（0.754，1.029）和0.658（0.519，0.834）。与始终保持不健康生活方式的参与者相比，那些从不健康生活方式转变为健康生活方式的参与者血压水平较低[（95%CI）：SBP：-1.603（-2.539，-0.668）。DBP：-1.713（-2.326，-1.100）]，高血压风险较低[（95%CI）：0.744（0.594，0.931）]。敏感性分析也得出了类似结果。
研究结果表明，健康的生活方式可以降低血压和高血压风险，实施更健康的生活方式改变可能是预防农村地区高血压的有效策略。
