Cataldi Sarah, Ticozzi Elena Maria, Morani Federica, Bodina Annalisa, Migliari Maurizio, Perotti Gabriele, Lombardo Massimo, Pregliasco Fabrizio Ernesto, Cereda Danilo
School of Medicine, Università Vita e Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Epidemiologia (Basel). 2025 Feb 11;6(1):7. doi: 10.3390/epidemiologia6010007.
This article examines the infectious disease surveillance system in the Lombardy region of Italy, with a focus on its response mechanisms to respiratory syndromes. This study aims to describe the alert system and the organizational procedures in place, assessing their effectiveness in managing health crises.
This study is based on the analysis of Lombardy's regional resolution No. 1125, developed by regional public health experts. Surveillance levels were categorized based on incidence thresholds and healthcare system impacts, establishing specific indicators and activation protocols. Information flows are managed through real-time data portals, enabling the real-time monitoring of COVID-19, influenza, and other infectious respiratory diseases.
A multi-level response system was established, with levels ranging from ordinary regimes to critical epidemic activation. Each level includes specific actions, such as resource reallocation, emergency department support, and the suspension of elective procedures. The use of technological tools, such as electronic health records, streamlined reporting processes, and real-time data flow management, has strengthened the region's response capabilities.
This study underscores the value of a structured, multi-level response system for infectious disease management, showing that a unified regional approach improves crisis response efficiency. It suggests that sharing activation indicators and protocols within the scientific community can help harmonize national and international responses to future pandemics. The system, while effective in its current context, may require adaptation for future health challenges.
本文研究了意大利伦巴第大区的传染病监测系统，重点关注其对呼吸道综合征的应对机制。本研究旨在描述现有的警报系统和组织程序，评估它们在管理健康危机方面的有效性。
本研究基于对伦巴第大区第1125号决议的分析，该决议由地区公共卫生专家制定。根据发病率阈值和对医疗系统的影响对监测级别进行分类，建立了具体指标和启动协议。信息流通过实时数据门户进行管理，从而能够对新冠病毒、流感及其他传染性呼吸道疾病进行实时监测。
建立了一个多级响应系统，级别从常规状态到关键疫情启动。每个级别都包括特定行动，如资源重新分配、急诊科支持以及择期手术的暂停。电子健康记录等技术工具的使用简化了报告流程并实现了实时数据流管理，增强了该地区的应对能力。
本研究强调了结构化的多级传染病应对系统的价值，表明统一的地区方法可提高危机应对效率。研究表明，在科学界内共享启动指标和协议有助于协调国家和国际对未来大流行病的应对。该系统在当前背景下虽然有效，但可能需要针对未来的健康挑战进行调整。
