Novascone M A
J Am Diet Assoc. 1985 Jun;85(6):706-10.
The focus of this study was on the development and field-testing of a set of behaviorally anchored rating scales for evaluating the clinical performance of dietetic students. The scales emphasized the application of skills and knowledge. A variation of the Smith-Kendall technique was used to develop the scales. The 42 participants involved in instrument development included dietetic students, didactic and clinical instructors, and dietetic practitioners. The completed instrument contained 8 dimension statements and 70 behavioral anchors. The instrument was field-tested in 16 clinical rotations within 8 dietetic education programs. Evaluators not only rated student performance but also critiqued the format and content of the scales. The mid-to-upper portions of each scale were used most frequently, and little score variation within or across programs was noted. The scales were deemed appropriate for formative evaluation; however, some evaluators who had to grade students' performance expressed a desire for performance standards defined in terms of grades. Because the process used to develop the instrument facilitated the articulation of performance criteria, it is recommended as a practical approach to setting performance standards.
本研究的重点是开发一套行为锚定评级量表，并对其进行实地测试，以评估营养学专业学生的临床实践表现。这些量表强调技能和知识的应用。采用了史密斯-肯德尔技术的一种变体来开发这些量表。参与量表开发的42名参与者包括营养学专业学生、理论与临床教师以及营养师。完成的量表包含8个维度陈述和70个行为锚定。该量表在8个营养学教育项目的16次临床轮转中进行了实地测试。评估者不仅对学生的表现进行评分，还对量表的形式和内容进行了评价。每个量表的中上部使用最为频繁，且各项目内部及项目之间的分数差异不大。这些量表被认为适用于形成性评价；然而，一些必须对学生表现进行评分的评估者表示希望有以成绩定义的表现标准。由于开发该量表的过程有助于明确表现标准，因此建议将其作为设定表现标准的一种实用方法。
