Zhang Mengwei, Tang Xin, Mao Bingyong, Zhang Qiuxiang, Zhao Jianxin, Chen Wei, Cui Shumao
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Mar 12;73(10):5649-5665. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05428. Epub 2025 Feb 25.
Pomegranate gained widespread attention for its potential "medicine and food homology" properties. This review aims to elucidate the main health benefits of the functional components of pomegranate and to summarize its processing and application. It explores current research limitations and proposes potential research directions. Pomegranate juice is rich in punicalagin, ellagic acid, and cyanidin-3--glucoside. The gut microbiota metabolites of these compounds could exert biological effects through Nrf2/HO-1, miR-126/VCAM-1, Akt/IKK/NF-κB, and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways. The pomegranate peel also contains these components, which can be extracted by microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and pressurized liquid extraction and then used in food additives or functional foods. Furthermore, safety concerns exist due to variations in extraction methods and potential food-drug interactions. This paper emphasizes the importance of developing standardized extraction methods and clear intake dosage guidelines, which will lay the foundation for the application of pomegranate in the food industry.
石榴因其潜在的“药食同源”特性而受到广泛关注。本综述旨在阐明石榴功能成分的主要健康益处，并总结其加工与应用。它探讨了当前研究的局限性并提出了潜在的研究方向。石榴汁富含安石榴苷、鞣花酸和花青素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷。这些化合物的肠道微生物群代谢产物可通过Nrf2/HO - 1、miR - 126/VCAM - 1、Akt/IKK/NF - κB和SIRT1/PGC - 1α信号通路发挥生物学作用。石榴皮也含有这些成分，可通过微波辅助萃取、超声辅助萃取和加压液体萃取进行提取，然后用于食品添加剂或功能性食品。此外，由于提取方法的差异和潜在的食品 - 药物相互作用，存在安全问题。本文强调了开发标准化提取方法和明确摄入剂量指南的重要性，这将为石榴在食品工业中的应用奠定基础。
