Sanchez-Lucas Rosa, Bosanquet Jack L, Henderson James, Catoni Marco, Pastor Victoria, Luna Estrella
Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.
Metabolic Integration and Cell Signalling Group, University Jaume I, Castellon, Valencian Region, Spain.
Plant Cell Environ. 2025 Jun;48(6):4455-4474. doi: 10.1111/pce.15419. Epub 2025 Feb 25.
Defence priming sensitises plant defences to enable a faster and/or stronger response to subsequent stress. Various chemicals can trigger priming; however, the response remains unexplored in oak. Here, we characterise salicylic acid (SA)-, jasmonic acid (JA)-, and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA)-induced priming of oak seedlings against the causal agent of powdery mildew (Erysiphe alphitoides, PM). Whilst JA had no effects, BABA and SA enhanced resistance by priming callose deposition and SA-dependent gene expression, respectively. Untargeted transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed genes and metabolites uniquely primed by BABA, SA, and JA. Enrichment analyses demonstrated a limited number of pathways differentiating the three treatments or the resistance-inducing elicitors BABA and SA. However, a similar mode of action between BABA and JA was identified. Moreover, our analyses revealed a lack of crosstalk between SA and JA. Interestingly, priming by BABA was linked to alkaloid, lignan, phenylpropanoid, and indolitic compounds biosynthesis. Moreover, integration of the omics analyses revealed the role of ubiquitination and protein degradation in priming by BABA. Our results confirm the existence of chemical-induced priming in oak and has identified specific molecular markers associated with well-characterised elicitors.
防御引发可使植物防御系统敏感化，从而对后续胁迫做出更快和/或更强的反应。多种化学物质可引发防御；然而，橡树中的这种反应仍未得到探索。在此，我们描述了水杨酸（SA）、茉莉酸（JA）和β-氨基丁酸（BABA）诱导橡树幼苗对白粉病病原体（白粉菌，PM）的防御引发作用。虽然JA没有效果，但BABA和SA分别通过引发胼胝质沉积和SA依赖的基因表达增强了抗性。非靶向转录组和代谢组分析揭示了由BABA、SA和JA独特引发的基因和代谢物。富集分析表明，区分三种处理或抗性诱导激发子BABA和SA的途径数量有限。然而，确定了BABA和JA之间类似的作用模式。此外，我们的分析揭示了SA和JA之间缺乏相互作用。有趣的是，BABA引发与生物碱、木脂素、苯丙烷类化合物和吲哚类化合物的生物合成有关。此外，组学分析的整合揭示了泛素化和蛋白质降解在BABA引发中的作用。我们的结果证实了橡树中存在化学诱导的防御引发作用，并确定了与特征明确的激发子相关的特定分子标记。
