Li Xiaoxiao, Chang Pan, Liu Xing, Kang Yi, Zhao Zhongjun, Duan Yixiang, Zhang Wensheng
Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Feb 12;12:1540413. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1540413. eCollection 2025.
While propofol can be detected in exhaled breath in rats, robust evidence supporting its correlation with plasma concentrations or its use in predicting plasma levels remains lacking. In this study, eighteen mechanically ventilated rats were divided into three groups and injected with low (Group BL, = 6), medium (Group BM, = 6), or high (Group BH, = 6) doses of propofol. The propofol concentration in exhaled breath (Ce-pro) was determined online using vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry (VUV-TOF MS), while the propofol concentration in plasma (Cp-pro) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatograph. The results indicated that after propofol injection, the peak Ce-pro was 5.87 ± 1.67 ppbv, 16.54 ± 7.22 ppbv, and 25.40 ± 3.68 ppbv, respectively. Across the different dose groups, C of Ce-pro and Cp-pro were linearly correlated ( = 0.032, = 0.031, = 0.049). T of Ce-pro was 1.22 ± 0.17 min, 1.28 ± 0.13 min, and 1.33 ± 0.01 min, respectively ( = 0.341), similar to the T of Cp-pro (1.00 ± 0.00 min). After natural logarithm transformation, the correlation between LN(Ce-pro) and LN(Cp-pro) was well fitted by a linear model, with = 0.94, = 0.95, = 0.98, and = 0.96. Using the obtained regression equation LN(Cp-pro) = 1.42LN(Ce-pro)-1.70, the predicted Cp-pro values showed excellent agreement with the actual values within groups (ICC = 0.92; ICC = 0.97, ICC = 0.99, all < 0.001). This study demonstrates a strong correlation between exhaled and plasma propofol concentrations in rats, indicating that exhaled concentrations can be effectively used to estimate plasma levels.
虽然在大鼠呼出的气体中可以检测到丙泊酚，但仍缺乏有力证据支持其与血浆浓度的相关性或其在预测血浆水平方面的应用。在本研究中，将18只机械通气的大鼠分为三组，分别注射低剂量（BL组，n = 6）、中剂量（BM组，n = 6）或高剂量（BH组，n = 6）的丙泊酚。使用真空紫外飞行时间质谱仪（VUV-TOF MS）在线测定呼出气体中的丙泊酚浓度（Ce-pro），同时使用高效液相色谱仪测量血浆中的丙泊酚浓度（Cp-pro）。结果表明，注射丙泊酚后，Ce-pro的峰值分别为5.87±1.67 ppbv、16.54±7.22 ppbv和25.40±3.68 ppbv。在不同剂量组中，Ce-pro和Cp-pro的C呈线性相关（r = 0.032，r = 0.031，r = 0.049）。Ce-pro的T分别为1.22±0.17分钟、1.28±0.13分钟和1.33±0.01分钟（P = 0.341），与Cp-pro的T（1.00±0.00分钟）相似。经过自然对数转换后，LN（Ce-pro）与LN（Cp-pro）之间的相关性通过线性模型得到良好拟合，r = 0.94，r = 0.95，r = 0.98，r = 0.96。使用获得的回归方程LN（Cp-pro）= 1.42LN（Ce-pro）-1.70，预测的Cp-pro值与组内实际值显示出极好的一致性（ICC = 0.92；ICC = 0.97，ICC = 0.99，均P < 0.001）。本研究表明大鼠呼出气体和血浆中丙泊酚浓度之间存在很强的相关性，表明呼出浓度可有效用于估计血浆水平。
