Han Hongxi, Du Aichao, Li Jinwen, Han Hongyan, Feng Peng, Zhu Yufeng, Li Xinlong, Tian Guopeng, Yu Haijia, Zhang Bo, Liu Weiguo, Yuan Guoqiang
Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.
College of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.
Oncol Rep. 2025 Apr;53(4). doi: 10.3892/or.2025.8881. Epub 2025 Feb 28.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumour, characterised by high heterogeneity, aggressiveness and resistance to conventional therapies, leading to poor prognosis for patients. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and genomics technologies, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of GBM. This has revealed a complex molecular network involving aberrant key signalling pathways, epigenetic alterations, interactions in the tumour microenvironment and regulation of non‑coding RNAs. Based on these molecular features, novel therapeutic strategies such as targeted therapies, immunotherapy and gene therapy are rapidly evolving and hold promise for improving the outcome of GBM. This review systematically summarises the advances in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for GBM. It aims to provide new perspectives for the precise diagnosis and personalised treatment of GBM, and to ultimately improve the prognosis of patients.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是最具侵袭性的原发性脑肿瘤，其特点是高度异质性、侵袭性以及对传统疗法耐药，导致患者预后不良。近年来，随着分子生物学和基因组学技术的快速发展，在理解GBM的分子机制方面取得了重大进展。这揭示了一个复杂的分子网络，涉及关键信号通路异常、表观遗传改变、肿瘤微环境中的相互作用以及非编码RNA的调控。基于这些分子特征，靶向治疗、免疫治疗和基因治疗等新型治疗策略正在迅速发展，并有望改善GBM的治疗效果。本综述系统总结了GBM分子机制和治疗方法的进展。旨在为GBM的精确诊断和个性化治疗提供新的视角，并最终改善患者的预后。
