Taylor H R, Awadzi K, George T, Schulz-Key H, Murphy R P
Trop Med Parasitol. 1985 Mar;36(1):7-11.
Mebendazole was compared to placebo treatment in a prospective double-masked study of the treatment of onchocerciasis. Twenty Ghanaian men were randomly assigned to one of two groups and received either mebendazole 2 G per day for 14 days preceded by 300 mg of levamisole in 2 doses or placebo vitamin tablets for 14 days. They were then followed for 12 months. Systemic side effects during the first 2 weeks of treatment were uncommon in each group. Similarly, ocular changes associated with a microfilaricidal action were infrequent. No fluorescein angiographic changes attributable to treatment appeared during the one-year follow up although there was progression of ocular disease in some men in each group. Skin microfilarial (mf) counts fell significantly in both groups at 1 week but returned toward pretreatment levels at 3 months and fell again by 12 months. At no time was there a difference between the placebo-treated control group and the mebendazole/levamisole group in terms of mf counts, ocular changes, clinical changes, biochemical parameters, nor was there a difference in the status of adult worms or embryogenesis assessed in nodules excised at 5 months. These results suggest that, in this study at least, mebendazole/levamisole was no more effective than placebo in treating onchocerciasis. Why mebendazole, which has been previously reported to both suppress embryogenesis and lower skin mf counts, had no effect in this study is unknown.
在一项治疗盘尾丝虫病的前瞻性双盲研究中，将甲苯达唑与安慰剂治疗进行了比较。20名加纳男性被随机分为两组，一组每天服用2克甲苯达唑，共14天，在服用前分2剂服用300毫克左旋咪唑；另一组服用安慰剂维生素片，共14天。然后对他们进行了12个月的随访。在每组治疗的前2周，全身副作用并不常见。同样，与杀微丝蚴作用相关的眼部变化也很少见。在一年的随访期间，尽管每组中一些男性的眼部疾病有所进展，但未出现可归因于治疗的荧光素血管造影变化。两组的皮肤微丝蚴（mf）计数在1周时均显著下降，但在3个月时恢复到治疗前水平，并在12个月时再次下降。在mf计数、眼部变化、临床变化、生化参数方面，安慰剂治疗的对照组与甲苯达唑/左旋咪唑组之间在任何时候都没有差异，在5个月时切除的结节中评估的成虫或胚胎发生状态也没有差异。这些结果表明，至少在本研究中，甲苯达唑/左旋咪唑在治疗盘尾丝虫病方面并不比安慰剂更有效。为什么之前报道既能抑制胚胎发生又能降低皮肤mf计数的甲苯达唑在本研究中没有效果尚不清楚。
