Metersky Mark L, Losier Ashley J, Fraulino David A, Warnock Theodore A, Varley Cara D, Le Angela M, Winthrop Kevin L, McArdle John R, Shakir Salika M, Khare Reeti
Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Mar;31(3):507-515. doi: 10.3201/eid3103.240608.
Mycobacterium nebraskense infection is rarely encountered; only 7 human cases have been reported worldwide since the initial report of 5 cases in Nebraska, USA, in 2004. We report 9 patients from Connecticut and 2 from Oregon, USA, who had M. nebraskense isolated from respiratory secretions; 7 patients met the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America criteria for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. In 4 cases, the organism was isolated 1 time and caused brief or no symptoms. Most cases in Connecticut were reported after 2017. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing of 6 isolates showed clarithromycin susceptibility. In 2 cases, infection was refractory to treatment. The 9 Connecticut patients lived in 8 different towns; thus, a common water supply did not explain the high frequency of M. nebraskense isolation. M. nebraskense is a clinically significant cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Connecticut; continued surveillance will be needed to determine its frequency and optimum treatment.
内布拉斯加分枝杆菌感染很少见；自2004年美国内布拉斯加州首次报告5例病例以来，全球仅报告了7例人类病例。我们报告了来自美国康涅狄格州的9例患者和来自俄勒冈州的2例患者，他们的呼吸道分泌物中分离出了内布拉斯加分枝杆菌；7例患者符合美国胸科学会/美国感染病学会关于非结核分枝杆菌肺病的标准。在4例病例中，该病原体仅被分离出1次，且未引起明显症状或根本没有症状。康涅狄格州的大多数病例是在2017年以后报告的。对6株分离菌进行的抗菌药物敏感性试验显示对克拉霉素敏感。在2例病例中，感染对治疗耐药。康涅狄格州的9例患者居住在8个不同的城镇；因此，公共供水并非内布拉斯加分枝杆菌分离率高的原因。内布拉斯加分枝杆菌是康涅狄格州非结核分枝杆菌肺病的一个具有临床意义的病因；需要持续监测以确定其感染率和最佳治疗方法。
