Broeckhoven Elias, Dallmeier Kai
KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Transplantation, Rega Institute, Virology, Antiviral & Vaccine Research Group, Molecular Vaccinology & Vaccine Discovery (MVVD), Leuven, Belgium.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025 Dec;21(1):2473222. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2473222. Epub 2025 Mar 2.
Despite the availability of efficacious and safe vaccines for more than 40 years, the rate of new hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections remains high, leaving large populations at risk of developing chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and cancer. The WHO aims at reducing the number of cases by 90% as part of its . While legacy vaccines and established immunization protocols will play a significant role in achieving this goal, challenges such as an inconvenient multi-dose regimen and a reduced efficacy in adults persist. Novel vaccines with improved adjuvants, alternative antigens, and innovative administration routes show promise in overcoming these hurdles. However, achieving universal immunization requires increased vaccine coverage, likely by development and validation of two-dose vaccines for children, and the endorsement and implementation of such new approaches in future immunization policies. By addressing these challenges, the goal of controlling HBV globally through immunization becomes attainable.
尽管40多年来一直有安全有效的疫苗，但乙肝病毒（HBV）新感染率仍然很高，使大量人群面临发展为慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化和癌症的风险。作为其[具体计划或倡议]的一部分，世界卫生组织旨在将病例数减少90%。虽然传统疫苗和既定的免疫方案将在实现这一目标中发挥重要作用，但诸如多剂量接种方案不便以及在成人中效力降低等挑战依然存在。具有改进佐剂、替代抗原和创新给药途径的新型疫苗有望克服这些障碍。然而，实现普遍免疫需要提高疫苗接种覆盖率，这可能需要研发和验证针对儿童的两剂疫苗，并在未来的免疫政策中认可和实施此类新方法。通过应对这些挑战，通过免疫在全球控制乙肝病毒的目标将变得可以实现。
