Ding Runping, Cheng Zhenyu, Xing Jiaoping, Chen Feifeng, Zhang Yangwen, Wang Yan, Wang Wenhua, Song Xiaoyan, Ye Qing, Zhang Linping, Liu Yuanqiu
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 2;15(1):7367. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86936-6.
The health effects of trace elements in PM have been the subject of widespread public concern. In this study, the 18 trace elements in PM samples collected at a national park were measured to analyze their concentrations, sources, and health risks. The results showed that the average concentration of 18 trace elements was 191.99 ng/m (0.89-1638.28). Higher concentrations of crustal elements are associated with northwestern air masses and southeastern air masses, while higher concentrations of anthropogenic elements are associated with southwestern air masses. The total non-carcinogenic risk of the harmful elements was below the acceptable threshold, for both adults (0.723) and children (0.448). The total carcinogenic risk of the hazardous elements was above the safe level for both adults and children, and the carcinogenic risk of the hazardous elements is As > Ni > Cr > Pb. Natural sources, vehicle emissions, coal combustion, biomass combustion, and industrial sources were identified by both the Absolute Principal Component Score-Multiple Linear Regression (APCS-MLR) model and the Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Both the APCS-MLR-HRA model and the PMF-HRA model indicated that vehicle emissions and industrial sources were the main contributors to non-carcinogenic risks, while industrial and coal combustion sources were the main contributors to carcinogenic risks. Mn was the main contributor to the non-carcinogenic risk, while As was the main contributor to the carcinogenic risk. Mn and As should be prioritized as control elements to address the higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from vehicle emissions, industrial, and coal combustion sources.
颗粒物中微量元素对健康的影响一直是公众广泛关注的话题。在本研究中，对在一个国家公园采集的颗粒物样本中的18种微量元素进行了测量，以分析它们的浓度、来源和健康风险。结果表明，18种微量元素的平均浓度为191.99 ng/m³（0.89 - 1638.28）。地壳元素的较高浓度与西北气团和东南气团有关，而人为元素的较高浓度与西南气团有关。有害元素的总非致癌风险低于成年人（0.723）和儿童（0.448）的可接受阈值。有害元素的总致癌风险对成年人和儿童均高于安全水平，且有害元素的致癌风险为As > Ni > Cr > Pb。通过绝对主成分得分 - 多元线性回归（APCS - MLR）模型和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型确定了自然源、车辆排放、煤炭燃烧、生物质燃烧和工业源。APCS - MLR - HRA模型和PMF - HRA模型均表明，车辆排放和工业源是非致癌风险的主要贡献者，而工业和煤炭燃烧源是致癌风险的主要贡献者。锰是非致癌风险的主要贡献者，而砷是致癌风险的主要贡献者。应将锰和砷作为控制元素进行优先处理，以应对车辆排放、工业和煤炭燃烧源带来的较高非致癌和致癌风险。
