St Laurent Christine W, Rasmussen Charlotte Lund, Holmes Jennifer F, Cremone-Caira Amanda, Kurdziel Laura B F, Desrochers Phillip C, Spencer Rebecca M C
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 135 Hicks Way, Tobin Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
J Act Sedentary Sleep Behav. 2023;2(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s44167-023-00016-6. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
Early childhood is important for cognitive and social-emotional development, and a time in which to promote healthy movement behaviors (sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep). Movement behaviors may have interactive influences on cognition and social-emotional factors in young children, but most previous research has explored them independently. The purpose of this study was to determine if movement behaviors are associated with measures of cognitive and social-emotional health in young children and if so, to describe optimal compositions of movement behaviors of a daily cycle for such outcomes.
Children (n = 388, 33 to 70 months, 44.6% female) from a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03285880, first posted September 18, 2017) wore accelerometers on their wrists for 24-h for 9.56 ± 3.3 days. Movement behavior compositions consisted of time spent in sedentary behaviors, light intensity physical activity, moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), and sleep. Outcomes were cognitive (receptive vocabulary, declarative and procedural memory, and executive attention) and social-emotional measures (temperament and behavioral problems). Compositional linear regression models with isometric log ratios were used to investigate the relations between the movement behavior composition and the cognitive and social-emotional health measures. If a significant association was found between the composition and an outcome, we further explored the "optimal" 24-h time-use for said outcome.
Movement behavior compositions were associated with receptive vocabulary. The composition associated with the predicted top five percent of vocabulary scores consisted of 12.1 h of sleep, 4.7 h of sedentary time, 5.6 h of light physical activity, and 1.7 h of MVPA.
While behavior compositions are related to vocabulary ability in early childhood, our findings align with the inconclusiveness of the current evidence regarding other developmental outcomes. Future research exploring activities within these four movement behaviors, that are meaningful to cognitive and social-emotional development, may be warranted.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44167-023-00016-6.
幼儿期对认知和社会情感发展至关重要，也是促进健康运动行为（久坐行为、体育活动和睡眠）的时期。运动行为可能对幼儿的认知和社会情感因素产生交互影响，但此前大多数研究都是独立探讨它们。本研究的目的是确定运动行为是否与幼儿的认知和社会情感健康指标相关，如果相关，则描述日常活动周期中此类结果的运动行为最佳组合。
来自一项临床试验（ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT03285880，首次发布于2017年9月18日）的儿童（n = 388，33至70个月，44.6%为女性）在手腕上佩戴加速度计24小时，共9.56±3.3天。运动行为组合包括久坐行为、轻度体力活动、中度至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）和睡眠所花费的时间。结果指标为认知（接受性词汇、陈述性和程序性记忆以及执行注意力）和社会情感指标（气质和行为问题）。使用具有等距对数比的成分线性回归模型来研究运动行为组合与认知和社会情感健康指标之间的关系。如果发现组合与某个结果之间存在显著关联，我们进一步探索该结果的“最佳”24小时时间利用情况。
运动行为组合与接受性词汇相关。与预测词汇得分前5%相关的组合包括12.1小时睡眠、4.7小时久坐时间、5.6小时轻度体力活动和1.7小时MVPA。
虽然行为组合与幼儿期的词汇能力相关，但我们的研究结果与当前关于其他发育结果的证据的不确定性一致。未来可能需要开展研究，探索这四种运动行为中对认知和社会情感发展有意义的活动。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s44167-023-00016-6获取的补充材料。
