Liu Yaopeng, Wang Lin, Wang Juan, Lu Mingzhe, Liu Na, Zhao Jianmei, Hu Fangyuan, Han Keguang, Liu Junhui, Wang Junwei, Qu Zhina
China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Feb 14;16:1510751. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1510751. eCollection 2025.
In recent years, the epidemic trend and antimicrobial resistance of from swines and broilers, especially the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-producing , pose a serious threat to human and animal health.
In this study, we employed serotype identification, drug sensitivity testing, detection of ESBL-producing strains, and whole genome sequencing to analyze the epidemiological trends and drug resistance of isolates from swines and broilers, as well as the genetic evolutionary relationships of ESBL-producing strains in China from 2014 to 2023.
The results showed that the most prevalent serotypes of from swines and broilers in China in recent 10 years were (133/381, 34.91%) and (156/416, 37.50%), respectively. Overall, 80.58% strains from swines and 70.67% strains from broilers were multidrug resistant. The multidrug resistance rate (MDR) showed a downward trend. The types of drugs exhibiting an increasing trend in resistance rates among from broilers (7) were significantly greater than those from swines (2). The detection rates of ESBLs-producing from swines and broilers were 9.45 and 29.58%, respectively, with the former showing a downward trend and the latter showing an upward trend. The drug resistance phenotype of produced in ESBLs from swines and broilers is consistent with the results of the resistance genes carried. Whole genome sequencing analysis revealed that 36 swine-derived ESBL-producing strains contained 6 ST-types and 13 cgST-types, among which ST34 and ST17 were dominant ST-types; a total of 35 resistance genes across 11 classes, , , and were the predominant subtypes of β-lactam resistance genes. 126 broiler-derived ESBL-producing strains included 19 ST-types and 37 cgST-types, with ST17 and ST198 as the dominant ST-types; a total of 52 resistance genes belonging to 12 classes, , , , and identified as the major subtypes of β-lactam resistance genes.
This suggests that we should thoroughly implement management policies aimed at reducing the use of veterinary antimicrobials. Additionally, we should enhance research on traceability technology and the abatement of resistance genes, thereby providing support for the effective prevention and control of the spread of and its drug resistance.
近年来，猪和肉鸡源[病原体名称未给出]的流行趋势及抗菌药物耐药性，尤其是产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）的[病原体名称未给出]，对人类和动物健康构成严重威胁。
在本研究中，我们采用血清型鉴定、药敏试验、产ESBLs菌株检测及全基因组测序，分析猪和肉鸡源[病原体名称未给出]分离株的流行病学趋势和耐药性，以及2014年至2023年中国产ESBLs菌株的遗传进化关系。
结果显示，近10年中国猪和肉鸡源[病原体名称未给出]最常见的血清型分别为[血清型1未给出]（133/381，34.91%）和[血清型2未给出]（156/416，37.50%）。总体而言，80.58%的猪源菌株和70.67%的肉鸡源菌株对多种药物耐药。多重耐药率（MDR）呈下降趋势。肉鸡源[病原体名称未给出]中耐药率呈上升趋势的药物种类（7种）显著多于猪源（2种）。猪和肉鸡源产ESBLs的[病原体名称未给出]检出率分别为9.45%和29.58%，前者呈下降趋势，后者呈上升趋势。猪和肉鸡源ESBLs产生的[病原体名称未给出]的耐药表型与携带的耐药基因结果一致。全基因组测序分析显示，36株猪源产ESBLs的[病原体名称未给出]菌株包含6种ST型和13种cgST型，其中ST34和ST17是优势ST型；共有11类35个耐药基因，[具体基因1未给出]、[具体基因2未给出]和[具体基因3未给出]是β-内酰胺耐药基因的主要亚型。126株肉鸡源产ESBLs的[病原体名称未给出]菌株包括19种ST型和37种cgST型，以ST17和ST198为优势ST型；共有12类52个耐药基因，[具体基因4未给出]、[具体基因5未给出]、[具体基因6未给出]、[具体基因7未给出]和[具体基因8未给出]被确定为β-内酰胺耐药基因的主要亚型。
这表明我们应全面实施旨在减少兽用抗菌药物使用的管理政策。此外，应加强对溯源技术和耐药基因消减的研究，从而为有效防控[病原体名称未给出]及其耐药性传播提供支持。
