Qiang Ne, Li Tianyun, Jia Lijun, Zhu Zelin, Feng Xinyu, Ran Jinjun, Zhang Xiaoxi, Han Lefei
School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China.
Sci One Health. 2025 Jan 13;4:100104. doi: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100104. eCollection 2025.
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) pose significant public health challenges due to increasing interactions between humans, animals, and the environment. The One Health framework, an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach, plays a critical role in the risk assessment of EIDs. The study aims to systematically review the risk assessment of EIDs in China under the One Health framework, covering policy support, monitoring and assessment systems, and implementation methods.
Relevant literature and official documents between 1997 and 2024 were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and government websites. Data were synthesized to analyze progress, challenges, and gaps.
There were 43 academic studies and 31 official documents included in this review. The study found that risk assessment systems existed across human, animal, and environmental health sectors in China, and the government was advancing intelligent monitoring and fostering inter-departmental cooperation. However, several challenges remain in risk assessment of EIDs, including inadequate monitoring systems for unknown EIDs, limited capacity building for risk assessment in ecosystems and environmental systems, insufficiently detailed risk assessment guidance at the county level, and barriers to cross-sectoral information sharing at the international and county levels.
The findings highlighted the need to enhance risk assessment of EIDs at the local level, expand the scope of disease surveillance including aquatic and wild animals, and strengthen inter-departmental data sharing to improve early warning capabilities under the One Health framework.
由于人类、动物和环境之间的互动日益增加，新发传染病给公共卫生带来了重大挑战。“同一健康”框架作为一种跨学科的协作方法，在新发传染病的风险评估中发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在系统回顾“同一健康”框架下中国新发传染病的风险评估，涵盖政策支持、监测与评估体系以及实施方法。
从Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、中国知网、万方、中国科技期刊数据库和政府网站检索了1997年至2024年的相关文献和官方文件。对数据进行综合分析，以探讨进展、挑战和差距。
本综述纳入了43项学术研究和31份官方文件。研究发现，中国在人类、动物和环境卫生领域均存在风险评估体系，政府正在推进智能监测并促进部门间合作。然而，新发传染病的风险评估仍存在若干挑战，包括对未知新发传染病的监测系统不足、生态系统和环境系统风险评估的能力建设有限、县级风险评估指导不够详细以及国际和县级跨部门信息共享存在障碍。
研究结果强调，有必要在地方层面加强新发传染病的风险评估，扩大疾病监测范围，包括水生动物和野生动物，并加强部门间数据共享，以提高“同一健康”框架下的早期预警能力。
