Reytor-González Claudia, Karina Zambrano Ana, Frias-Toral Evelyn, Campuzano-Donoso Martín, Simancas-Racines Daniel
Universidad UTE, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Quito 170527, Ecuado.
Universidad UTE, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Quito, Ecuador.
Medwave. 2025 Mar 4;25(2):e3027. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2025.02.3027.
Breast cancer is the second most common neoplasm and the deadliest among women worldwide. Its incidence varies according to human development and is associated with several risk factors, including age, genetic factors, obesity, and dietary habits. Recent research has revealed a significant influence of dietary habits on the onset and progression of this disease, which is why this review aims to comprehensively analyze the available literature to understand better the role played by the mediterranean diet in the development and management of breast cancer. The mediterranean diet has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, may influence gene regulation, and produce hormonal and intestinal microbiota changes, resulting in improved quality of life for breast cancer patients by alleviating symptoms such as pain, inflammation, and reducing the risk and mortality from this disease. Evidence suggests that greater adherence to the mediterranean diet reduces the risk of breast cancer, as well as an improvement in patients' quality of life and mortality. These findings underscore its potential relevance in the context of dietary patterns associated with breast cancer prevention and management, which could inform considerations for public health policies. Further research is needed to confirm these observations and to understand the underlying mechanisms better.
乳腺癌是全球女性中第二常见且最致命的肿瘤。其发病率因人类发展水平而异，并与多种风险因素相关，包括年龄、遗传因素、肥胖和饮食习惯。最近的研究表明饮食习惯对这种疾病的发生和发展有重大影响，这就是本综述旨在全面分析现有文献，以更好地了解地中海饮食在乳腺癌发展和管理中所起作用的原因。地中海饮食具有抗炎和抗氧化作用，可能影响基因调控，并引起激素和肠道微生物群的变化，通过减轻疼痛、炎症等症状以及降低患这种疾病的风险和死亡率，从而改善乳腺癌患者的生活质量。有证据表明，更严格遵循地中海饮食可降低患乳腺癌的风险，同时改善患者的生活质量并降低死亡率。这些发现凸显了其在与乳腺癌预防和管理相关的饮食模式背景下的潜在相关性，可为公共卫生政策的制定提供参考。需要进一步研究来证实这些观察结果，并更好地理解其潜在机制。
