Fan Zhiwei, Li Liang, Bu Lingling, Geng Zhihui, Liu Song
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affliated Taihe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medieine, Anhui University of Chinese Medieine, Taihe, China.
Department of Head and Neck, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jun 17;12:1619809. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1619809. eCollection 2025.
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in cancer development, yet limited studies have explored microbiota-oriented diets in relation to breast cancer risk. The aim was to investigate the association between a gut microbiota-oriented dietary index (DI-GM) and breast cancer risk among U.S. women.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 6,083 women aged ≥20 years from NHANES 2011-2020. The DI-GM score, based on intake of microbiota-beneficial and microbiota-unfavorable foods, was constructed from 24-h dietary recalls. Breast cancer history was self-reported. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations. Subgroup analyses assessed potential effect modification.
Higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with lower odds of breast cancer (adjusted OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, = 0.012). Women with DI-GM scores ≥6 had a 33% lower likelihood of breast cancer compared to those with lower scores (adjusted OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45-0.89, = 0.006). Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations across age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol, and BMI categories without significant interactions.
Following a diet that supports a healthy gut microbiota may help reduce the risk of breast cancer. Additional longitudinal and mechanistic research is needed to validate these results.
肠道微生物群在癌症发展中起着关键作用，但针对微生物群的饮食与乳腺癌风险关系的研究有限。本研究旨在调查美国女性肠道微生物群导向饮食指数（DI-GM）与乳腺癌风险之间的关联。
这项横断面研究分析了2011 - 2020年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中6083名年龄≥20岁女性的数据。基于对有益和不利于微生物群食物的摄入量构建DI-GM得分，数据来自24小时饮食回忆。乳腺癌病史通过自我报告获取。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来检验关联。亚组分析评估潜在的效应修正。
较高的DI-GM得分与较低的乳腺癌发病几率显著相关（调整后的OR = 0.94，95% CI：0.89 - 0.99，P = 0.012）。与得分较低的女性相比，DI-GM得分≥6的女性患乳腺癌的可能性降低了33%（调整后的OR = 0.67，95% CI：0.45 - 0.89，P = 0.006）。亚组分析显示，在年龄、种族、吸烟、饮酒和体重指数类别中，关联一致，无显著交互作用。
遵循有助于维持健康肠道微生物群的饮食可能有助于降低患乳腺癌的风险。需要更多的纵向和机制性研究来验证这些结果。
