Song Yanliqing, Chen Lin, Liu Yue
College of Sports, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Mar 5;25(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05807-x.
This study aims to explore the relationship between sleep duration and multimorbidity among elderly Chinese and to determine the optimal sleep duration for preventing multimorbidity.
This study is based on data from the 2020 China Health and Elderly Care Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS), which collected detailed information from 5,761elderly individuals, including demographic characteristics, sleep duration, health status, and lifestyle information. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and multimorbidity, and restricted cubic spline analysis was employed to analyze the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and multimorbidity.
After adjusting for potential confounders, a U-shaped association was found between nighttime sleep duration and the likelihood of multimorbidity among the elderly. Specifically, elderly individuals with a nighttime sleep duration of 7 h had the lowest incidence of multimorbidity. Compared to those with 6-8 h of nighttime sleep, elderly individuals with less than 6 h (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05-1.48) or more than 8 h (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37-2.34) of nighttime sleep had a 24% and 79% increased likelihood of multimorbidity, respectively. The restricted cubic spline analysis further confirmed this U-shaped relationship, showing that the likelihood of multimorbidity gradually decreased as sleep duration increased from 6 to 7 h, but gradually increased as sleep duration exceeded 7 h. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between napping habits and the likelihood of multimorbidity, with elderly individuals without napping habits having a lower likelihood of multimorbidity compared to those with napping habits. Subgroup analysis indicated no significant differences in the impact of 6-8 h of nighttime sleep on multimorbidity among male and female elderly individuals and different age groups.
Appropriate nighttime sleep duration may be an important factor in preventing multimorbidity among the elderly, while increased napping duration may increase the likelihood of multimorbidity. These findings provide scientific evidence for sleep health management among the elderly, suggesting the promotion of appropriate sleep duration to reduce the likelihood of multimorbidity in this population.
本研究旨在探讨中国老年人睡眠时间与多种疾病并存之间的关系，并确定预防多种疾病并存的最佳睡眠时间。
本研究基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据，该调查收集了5761名老年人的详细信息，包括人口统计学特征、睡眠时间、健康状况和生活方式信息。采用逻辑回归模型研究睡眠时间与多种疾病并存之间的关系，并采用受限立方样条分析来分析睡眠时间与多种疾病并存之间的剂量反应关系。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，发现夜间睡眠时间与老年人多种疾病并存的可能性之间呈U形关联。具体而言，夜间睡眠时间为7小时的老年人多种疾病并存的发生率最低。与夜间睡眠时间为6 - 8小时的老年人相比，夜间睡眠时间少于6小时（OR = 1.24，95% CI：1.05 - 1.48）或多于8小时（OR = 1.79，95% CI：1.37 - 2.34）的老年人多种疾病并存的可能性分别增加了24%和79%。受限立方样条分析进一步证实了这种U形关系，表明随着睡眠时间从6小时增加到7小时，多种疾病并存的可能性逐渐降低，但当睡眠时间超过7小时时则逐渐增加。此外，发现午睡习惯与多种疾病并存的可能性之间呈正相关，与有午睡习惯的老年人相比，没有午睡习惯的老年人多种疾病并存的可能性较低。亚组分析表明，夜间睡眠时间6 - 8小时对老年男性和女性以及不同年龄组的多种疾病并存的影响没有显著差异。
适当的夜间睡眠时间可能是预防老年人多种疾病并存的一个重要因素，而午睡时间的增加可能会增加多种疾病并存的可能性。这些发现为老年人的睡眠健康管理提供了科学依据，建议促进适当的睡眠时间以降低该人群中多种疾病并存的可能性。
