Budnik-Przybylska Dagmara, Huzarska Izabela, Karasiewicz Karol
Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jun 29;13:893457. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.893457. eCollection 2022.
The main purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship among temperamental traits, a general tendency to use imagery, and self-confidence in sport. The specific aim was to verify if general imagery mediates the relationship between temperament and self-confidence in sport, but also with respect to individual and team sport disciplines. The study involved 144 athletes aged 19-25 years (75 men and 69 women) with different lengths of training (from 1 month to 18 years) and presented different sports levels: international ( = 12), national ( = 46), and recreational ( = 86). They also represented individual ( = 73) and team ( = 68) sports. The Imagination in Sport Questionnaire (ISQ), Trait Sports Confidence Inventory (TSCI-PL), and Temperament Questionnaire (EAS) were all completed by the participants. Results indicate that self-confidence is explained in about 13% by temperament and general imagery, but only general imagery ( = 0.22; < 0.05) and negative axes of the temperament-emotionality ( = -0.26; < 0.05). The test of the indirect effect of the negative axes of the temperament on self-confidence through general imagery, conducted by Preacher and Hayes bootstrapping procedure, revealed significant mediation [ = 0.37; 95% = (0.09; 0.68); = 0.46] suggesting that about 46% of variance explained in self-confidence by emotionality is related to general imagery. The other 3% of variance explained in self-confidence by the positive temperament axes is related to general imagery, however, it was insignificant. The general imagery explains the relationship between emotionality and self-confidence only in individual sports athletes.
我们研究的主要目的是调查气质特征、使用表象的一般倾向和运动自信心之间的关系。具体目标是验证一般表象是否在气质与运动自信心之间起中介作用，同时也涉及个人和团队运动项目。该研究纳入了144名年龄在19至25岁之间的运动员（75名男性和69名女性），他们的训练时长不同（从1个月到18年），运动水平也各异：国际水平（=12人）、国家水平（=46人）和业余水平（=86人）。他们还分别代表个人项目（=73人）和团队项目（=68人）。参与者完成了《运动想象问卷》（ISQ）、《特质运动自信量表》（TSCI-PL）和《气质问卷》（EAS）。结果表明，约13%的自信心可由气质和一般表象来解释，但只有一般表象（=0.22；<0.05）以及气质-情绪性的负向维度（= -0.26；<0.05）与之相关。通过Preacher和Hayes的自抽样程序对气质负向维度通过一般表象对自信心的间接效应进行检验，结果显示存在显著中介作用[=0.37；95%置信区间=（0.09；0.68）；=0.46]，这表明情绪性对自信心解释的约46%的变异与一般表象有关。气质正向维度对自信心解释的另外3%的变异与一般表象有关，然而并不显著。一般表象仅在个人项目运动员中解释了情绪性与自信心之间的关系。
