Cook Megan, Pennay Amy, Caluzzi Gabriel, Cooklin Amanda, MacLean Sarah, Riordan Benjamin, Torney Alexandra, Callinan Sarah
Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; Institute for Social Marketing & Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, , United Kingdom.
Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2025 Apr;138:104763. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104763. Epub 2025 Mar 6.
This systematic review examined differences in the way women and men have been studied in alcohol research over the past decade. In particular, it explored differences in methodology, discipline, country, subpopulation and age focus, to understand who is being studied and how.
Single-gender peer-reviewed studies on alcohol consumption published between 1st January 2014 and 31st December 2023 were identified by searching Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and CINAHL. Descriptive statistics and comparisons to Global Burden of Disease [GBD] estimates are presented to understand whether the studies' gendered focus were proportionate to the distribution of alcohol-related harms. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022359103).
A total of 11,235 studies were identified, with 1,267 studies included. Despite consuming more alcohol and experiencing more harms, only 44% (n=554) of single gender studies were on men. One in three studies on men were from medical disciplines, whereas studies on women were more likely to come from psychology, public health or sociology disciplines. In several countries, including Australia, the disparity in the number of studies on women compared with GBD estimates of harms from alcohol consumption were particularly pronounced.
The majority of single-gender studies on alcohol consumption in the last decade focused on women. There has been strong focus on men's health (medical focus), and on women's behaviour (psychology, public health and sociology focus). Researchers' choices around study foci can differentially shape public discourse, policies and clinical practice, with important implications for gender equity and treatment outcomes.
本系统综述考察了过去十年酒精研究中对男性和女性的研究方式差异。具体而言，探讨了方法、学科、国家、亚人群和年龄侧重点方面的差异，以了解研究对象是谁以及如何进行研究。
通过检索Medline、PsycInfo、Scopus和CINAHL，确定了2014年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间发表的关于酒精消费的单性别同行评议研究。呈现描述性统计数据并与全球疾病负担（GBD）估计值进行比较，以了解研究的性别侧重点是否与酒精相关危害的分布成比例。该综述已在PROSPERO（CRD42022359103）注册。
共识别出11235项研究，纳入了1267项研究。尽管男性饮酒量更多且遭受的危害更大，但单性别研究中仅有44%（n = 554）是针对男性的。针对男性的研究中有三分之一来自医学学科，而针对女性的研究更可能来自心理学、公共卫生或社会学学科。在包括澳大利亚在内的几个国家，与GBD对酒精消费危害的估计相比，关于女性的研究数量差异尤为明显。
过去十年中，大多数关于酒精消费的单性别研究集中在女性身上。对男性健康（医学侧重点）和女性行为（心理学、公共卫生和社会学侧重点）给予了高度关注。研究人员在研究重点方面的选择可能会以不同方式塑造公众话语、政策和临床实践，对性别平等和治疗结果具有重要影响
