Tian Ye, Shi Xiaolu, Zhai Shaobo, Liu Yang, Yang Zheng, Wu Yuchuan, Chu Shunli
Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Mar 8;25(1):359. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05559-5.
Finite element analysis was used to predict the risk of bone plate fracture and the expected bone augmentation effect of a new alveolar bone splitting technique in the mandibular posterior region for different alveolar crest widths, different alveolar bone densities, different root incision widths, and different insertion depths of bone expansion instrumentation.
The jaw models of the mandibular posterior region were constructed by computer-aided software and surgical incisions and bone expansion instruments were prepared on the models, after which the alveolar bone splitting procedure was simulated by finite element analysis software, and the equivalent stress-strain distribution characteristics of the jaw models of each group, as well as the maximal force and the maximal displacement of the bone plate when it was fractured, were recorded.
The distribution of equivalent stress and strain was mainly concentrated in the cancellous bone area at the root incision and the lower 1/3 of the buccal cortical bone plate, and there was no significant difference in the stress-strain distribution characteristics of the jaw models of each group. The wider of the alveolar crest, the higher the force required to fracture the bone plate, but the smaller the maximum displacement; the plastic deformation capacity of type IV bone jaws was more excellent; the wider the width of the root incision, the shallower the depth of instrument insertion, and the larger the maximum displacement.
Finite element analysis can effectively simulate the surgical criticality index of the new alveolar bone splitting procedure. Alveolar crest width, alveolar bone density, root incision width, and instrument insertion depth had a clear correlation with the maximum displacement of the bone plate at fracture. The alveolar crest width and alveolar bone density also had a significant effect on the maximum force required to fracture the bone plate.
采用有限元分析预测在下颌后牙区不同牙槽嵴宽度、不同牙槽骨密度、不同牙根切口宽度以及不同骨扩张器械插入深度条件下，一种新的牙槽骨劈开技术发生接骨板骨折的风险及预期的骨增量效果。
利用计算机辅助软件构建下颌后牙区的颌骨模型，并在模型上设置手术切口和骨扩张器械，之后通过有限元分析软件模拟牙槽骨劈开过程，记录每组颌骨模型的等效应力应变分布特征以及接骨板骨折时的最大力和最大位移。
等效应力和应变分布主要集中在牙根切口处的松质骨区域以及颊侧皮质骨板的下1/3处，每组颌骨模型的应力应变分布特征无显著差异。牙槽嵴越宽，接骨板骨折所需的力越高，但最大位移越小；IV型骨颌骨的塑性变形能力更优；牙根切口宽度越宽、器械插入深度越浅，最大位移越大。
有限元分析能够有效模拟新牙槽骨劈开手术的手术临界指数。牙槽嵴宽度、牙槽骨密度、牙根切口宽度和器械插入深度与接骨板骨折时的最大位移有明确的相关性。牙槽嵴宽度和牙槽骨密度对接骨板骨折所需的最大力也有显著影响。
