Kaur Sukhmanjit, Belohlavek Alexandra, Bryan Melissa, Nguyen Celine, Andelin Scott A, Beyersdorfer Nova, Johnson Kerry, Paulson John
Department of Primary Care, Kansas City University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Joplin, USA.
Department of Mathematics, Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Feb 5;17(2):e78565. doi: 10.7759/cureus.78565. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Pneumonia stands as a widely known contributor to hospitalization and mortality among adults in the United States. Meanwhile, disruptions in potassium homeostasis such as hyperkalemia may have an impact on in-patient mortality. This study seeks to examine the presence of hyperkalemia and its association with in-patient mortality among pneumonia patients.
Electronic medical records were used to perform a retrospective observational cohort study in Southwest Missouri patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and/or hyperkalemia. Patients were divided into three samples: patients with pneumonia and hyperkalemia (P1), pneumonia without hyperkalemia (P2), and hyperkalemia without pneumonia (P3). The goal was to determine and compare the in-patient mortality rates of these samples.
Patients with both pneumonia and hyperkalemia (P1) demonstrated the highest mortality rate, ranging from 34.25% to 42.31%, significantly surpassing rates observed in patients with pneumonia without hyperkalemia (P2) or hyperkalemia without pneumonia (P3). Notably, patients with pneumonia without hyperkalemia (P2) exhibited a mortality rate comparable to patients with hyperkalemia without pneumonia (P3).
Our study revealed that patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and hyperkalemia had a statistically significant increase in mortality in comparison to patients with pneumonia or hyperkalemia independently. Recognizing this association may help identify prognosis and thus guide the management of patients admitted to the hospital with both hyperkalemia and pneumonia.
在美国，肺炎是导致成年人住院和死亡的常见原因。同时，钾稳态紊乱如高钾血症可能影响住院患者的死亡率。本研究旨在调查肺炎患者中高钾血症的存在情况及其与住院死亡率的关联。
利用电子病历对密苏里州西南部因肺炎和/或高钾血症入院的患者进行回顾性观察队列研究。患者被分为三个样本：肺炎合并高钾血症患者（P1）、无高钾血症的肺炎患者（P2）和无肺炎的高钾血症患者（P3）。目的是确定并比较这些样本的住院死亡率。
肺炎合并高钾血症患者（P1）的死亡率最高，在34.25%至42.31%之间，显著高于无高钾血症的肺炎患者（P2）或无肺炎的高钾血症患者（P3）。值得注意的是，无高钾血症的肺炎患者（P2）的死亡率与无肺炎的高钾血症患者（P3）相当。
我们的研究表明，与单独患有肺炎或高钾血症的患者相比，因肺炎和高钾血症入院的患者死亡率在统计学上显著增加。认识到这种关联可能有助于确定预后，从而指导对同时患有高钾血症和肺炎的住院患者的管理。
