Dong Chuanchuan, Hu Fei, Ma Zhen, Ma Xinkai, Zhang Lulu, Li Yupeng, Du Xianglin, Feng Liting, Huo Rujie, Xing Yanqing, Li Peiqi, Dong Yanting, Cheng Erjing, Tian Xinrui, Huang Min
The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
J Asthma Allergy. 2025 Mar 5;18:339-348. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S497018. eCollection 2025.
The lifting of the regional blockade in early December 2022 in Shanxi Province, China, caused an epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). And the high allergy season from July to September each year.
To investigate the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on the respiratory sensitivity status of the population, to provide a scientific and effective basis for the prevention, diagnosis, condition assessment, and treatment of allergic respiratory diseases.
We collected 500 outpatient cases from Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital during the period from July to September 2022 and 500 cases during the period from July to September 2023 and divided them into the pre-COVID-19 epidemic group (the 2022 group) and the post-COVID-19 epidemic group (the 2023 group). We conducted statistical analysis on these patients' general conditions, pulmonary function test results, laboratory parameters, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide.
Compared with 2022, the number of smokers decreased in 2023 (p = 0.007), while the incidence of respiratory allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis increased (p < 0.05). In 2023, the results of pulmonary function tests showed that the positive rate of bronchial provocation/dilatation tests increased (p < 0.001), and the decline in FEV1 during provocation tests became more significant (p < 0.001). At the same time, laboratory results indicated that the count of eosinophils and the level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in peripheral blood rose (p < 0.001), suggesting that the respiratory sensitivity of the population after COVID-19 infection might have increased.
Research results from Shanxi Province, China, indicate that the COVID-19 epidemic leads to increased respiratory sensitization and the incidence of respiratory allergic diseases. This suggests that we should pay attention to the changes in immune status and respiratory sensitivity among the population after COVID-19 infection, to accurately and timely assess and intervene in patients' conditions.
2022年12月初中国山西省解除区域封锁后，引发了新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情。并且每年7月至9月是过敏高发季节。
探讨COVID-19疫情对人群呼吸道敏感状态的影响，为过敏性呼吸道疾病的预防、诊断、病情评估及治疗提供科学有效的依据。
收集山西医科大学第二医院2022年7月至9月期间的500例门诊病例以及2023年7月至9月期间的500例病例，将其分为COVID-19疫情前组（2022年组）和COVID-19疫情后组（2023年组）。对这些患者的一般情况、肺功能测试结果、实验室参数和呼出一氧化氮分数进行统计分析。
与2022年相比，2023年吸烟者数量减少（p = 0.007），而支气管哮喘和过敏性鼻炎等呼吸道过敏性疾病的发病率增加（p < 0.05）。2023年肺功能测试结果显示，支气管激发/舒张试验阳性率升高（p < 0.001），激发试验期间第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）下降更为显著（p < 0.001）。同时，实验室结果表明外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数和免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平升高（p < 0.001），提示COVID-19感染后人群的呼吸道敏感性可能增加。
来自中国山西省的研究结果表明，COVID-19疫情导致呼吸道致敏性增加和呼吸道过敏性疾病的发病率上升。这表明我们应关注COVID-19感染后人群免疫状态和呼吸道敏感性的变化，以便准确及时地评估和干预患者病情。
