Zhao Weixuan, Hou Ruihong, Liu Mingjian, Shen Haowei, Deng Xiaochen, Wang Mingjiu, Yun Xiangjun
College of Grassland and Resource Environment, the Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources under the Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010019, China.
Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS, Hohhot, 010013, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2025 Mar 12;25(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-03761-7.
The study of soil environment in drainage fields is important for environmental management and ecological restoration, and there is currently a knowledge gap in understanding the impact of soil microbial communities in the Shengli coalfield drainage fields and the corresponding ecological effects. To investigate the changes in rhizosphere soil microbial communities of different dominant plants after years of restoration, this study examines the improvement effects of different dominant plants on the soil environment.
This study is based on high-throughput sequencing to restore the slope of coal mine spoil after 15 years as the sampling site. The rhizosphere soil of five dominant plants was selected for microbial community analysis, and functional prediction of the microbial community was conducted. The dominant plants selected included Erect Milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens), Lemongrass (Caragana korshinskii), Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Phyllanthus pinnatifida (Elymus dahuricus), and Brassica Rapa (Brassica campestris). The results showed that after 15 years of restoration, the soil physicochemical properties in the Phyllanthus pinnatifida group were better than those in the other groups overall, but some of them were inferior to those in the lemon-stripped mallard group. Abundant saprophytic fungal communities were found in different dominant plant groups, mainly belonging to the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, resulting in significantly higher organic matter content in the dominant plant groups compared to the CK group. The bacterial communities were dominated by the phyla Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes. Among these microbial phyla, the Phyllanthus pinnatifida group had higher abundance, which is beneficial for vegetation colonization. Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH was significantly correlated with microbial communities. Organic matter content and pH are the main factors influencing the composition of soil microbial communities, significantly affecting the composition of microorganisms in different groups. After years of restoration, the environment of the Shengli Coalfield's spoil heap has been greatly improved.
The planting of various beneficial plants has resulted in significant improvements to the soil microbial community and physicochemical properties, with Phyllanthus pinnatifida having the most positive impact. This lays the foundation for the subsequent restoration of the slope of the spoil heap.
研究排土场土壤环境对环境管理和生态修复具有重要意义，目前在理解胜利煤田排土场土壤微生物群落的影响及其相应生态效应方面存在知识空白。为了探究多年恢复后不同优势植物根际土壤微生物群落的变化，本研究考察了不同优势植物对土壤环境的改善效果。
本研究基于高通量测序，选取煤矿矸石山恢复15年后的边坡作为采样点。选择五种优势植物的根际土壤进行微生物群落分析，并对微生物群落进行功能预测。所选优势植物包括直立黄芪、柠条锦鸡儿、紫花苜蓿、披碱草和油菜。结果表明，恢复15年后，披碱草组土壤理化性质总体上优于其他组，但部分指标不如柠条锦鸡儿组。不同优势植物组中发现了丰富的腐生真菌群落，主要属于子囊菌门和担子菌门，导致优势植物组中的有机质含量显著高于对照（CK）组。细菌群落以放线菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门和厚壁菌门为主。在这些微生物门类中，披碱草组的丰度较高，有利于植被定植。冗余分析表明，土壤pH与微生物群落显著相关。有机质含量和pH是影响土壤微生物群落组成的主要因素，显著影响不同组中微生物的组成。经过多年恢复，胜利煤田矸石山的环境得到了极大改善。
种植各种有益植物对土壤微生物群落和理化性质有显著改善，其中披碱草的影响最为积极。这为矸石山边坡的后续恢复奠定了基础。
