Cosola Saverio, Butera Andrea, Hailu Zergaw Abenezer, George Jaibin, Covani Ugo, Arrighi Augusto, Toti Paolo, Scribante Andrea, Menchini-Fabris Giovanni Battista
Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy.
Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00100 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Feb 20;13(5):449. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13050449.
Advancements in implant design, surface characteristics, and surgical protocols have made implant restorations safe and highly predictable procedures. Bone metabolism plays a central role in the success of implant therapy. Diabetes mellitus is a significant disease impacting bone metabolism, particularly during the initial stages of osseointegration and in long-term survival. Moreover, aging is linked to various systemic conditions, such as diabetes, which increase the susceptibility of the periodontium and teeth to disease, often resulting in tooth loss. Studies on the impact of glycemic control on the success and longevity of implant-prosthetic rehabilitation in diabetic patients highlight a significant association between hyperglycemia and complications in implant therapy. This review identified 18 relevant publications through Medline, and studies were screened against the aim and objectives of the review. A total of five articles were excluded because of lack of focus on the effect of glycemic control on dental implants. Diabetic patients with poorly controlled blood glucose levels may face a heightened risk of developing implant complications. Effective glycemic control plays a critical role in the long-term success of dental implants in these individuals. Marginal bone loss (MBL) is a critical indicator of implant health and success. Clinical studies generally show greater MBL in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals. Furthermore, controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with significantly better maintenance.
种植体设计、表面特性和手术方案的进步使种植修复成为安全且高度可预测的操作。骨代谢在种植治疗的成功中起着核心作用。糖尿病是一种影响骨代谢的重要疾病，尤其是在骨结合的初始阶段和长期存活过程中。此外，衰老与各种全身性疾病有关，如糖尿病，这会增加牙周组织和牙齿对疾病的易感性，常导致牙齿脱落。关于血糖控制对糖尿病患者种植修复成功及长期效果影响的研究突显了高血糖与种植治疗并发症之间的显著关联。本综述通过医学文献数据库（Medline）检索到18篇相关出版物，并根据综述的目的对研究进行筛选。共有5篇文章因未关注血糖控制对牙种植体的影响而被排除。血糖控制不佳的糖尿病患者发生种植并发症的风险可能更高。有效的血糖控制对这些个体牙种植体的长期成功起着关键作用。边缘骨吸收（MBL）是种植体健康和成功的关键指标。临床研究通常表明，与非糖尿病个体相比，糖尿病患者的MBL更为严重。此外，2型糖尿病（T2DM）得到控制与显著更好的维持效果相关。
