Sarker Pallab K, Schoffstall Benjamin V, Kapuscinski Anne R, McKuin Brandi, Fitzgerald Devin, Greenwood Connor, O'Shelski Kira, Pasion Emily Noelle, Gwynne Duncan, Gonzalez Orcajo Diego, Andrade Sofie, Nocera Pablo, San Pablo Angelo M
Environmental Studies Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
School of Engineering, University of California Merced, 5200 Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
Foods. 2025 Feb 25;14(5):781. doi: 10.3390/foods14050781.
Aquaculture, one of the world's most rapidly growing food sectors, faces several concerns about its sustainability. A major concern is using fishmeal and fish oil from ocean-derived small pelagic fish (sardine, anchovy, etc.) in aquaculture feed. The aquafeed industry is seeking new sustainable ingredients to replace fish meal. This study focused on microalgal co-product, sp. QH25 co-product (leftover after oil extraction for nutraceuticals) is a novel aquafeed ingredient that can replace fishmeal in rainbow trout diets. A nutritional feeding experiment was conducted and compared fishmeal-containing rainbow trout diets with microalgal co-products that replaced fishmeal as follows: 0% replacement in reference diet (fishmeal, no microalgal co-product) and test diets with 33%, 66%, and 100% replacement of fishmeal using microalgal-product. Results showed the complete replacement diet yielded fish growth, feed conversion, and survival similar to the reference diet. Depositions of macronutrients, amino acids, fatty acids, macro minerals, and several trace elements in the filet were not significantly different across diets. Economic conversion ratio (ECR) analysis showed that the rainbow trout fed the 100% replacement diet had the lowest feed cost per kg of fish produced. Microalgal co-products can fully replace fishmeal in trout feed while maintaining fish performance, flesh composition, and cost-effectiveness.
水产养殖是全球增长最快的食品行业之一，其可持续性面临若干问题。一个主要问题是水产养殖饲料中使用源自海洋的小型中上层鱼类（沙丁鱼、凤尾鱼等）的鱼粉和鱼油。水产饲料行业正在寻找新的可持续成分来替代鱼粉。本研究聚焦于微藻副产品，sp. QH25副产品（用于营养保健品的油脂提取后的剩余物）是一种新型水产饲料成分，可替代虹鳟鱼饲料中的鱼粉。进行了一项营养投喂实验，将含鱼粉的虹鳟鱼饲料与如下替代鱼粉的微藻副产品饲料进行比较：对照饲料中不替代（鱼粉，无微藻副产品），以及用微藻产品分别替代33%、66%和100%鱼粉的试验饲料。结果表明，完全替代饲料组的鱼类生长、饲料转化率和存活率与对照饲料相似。不同饲料组之间，鱼片中常量营养素、氨基酸、脂肪酸、常量矿物质和几种微量元素的沉积没有显著差异。经济转化率（ECR）分析表明，投喂100%替代饲料的虹鳟鱼每生产一公斤鱼的饲料成本最低。微藻副产品可以完全替代鳟鱼饲料中的鱼粉，同时保持鱼类生长性能、鱼肉成分和成本效益。
