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蔓越莓衍生生物活性物质在预防和治疗尿路感染中的应用：抗菌机制及营养保健品应用的全球研究趋势

Cranberry-derived bioactives for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections: antimicrobial mechanisms and global research trends in nutraceutical applications.

作者信息

Jangid Himanshu, Shidiki Amrullah, Kumar Gaurav

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.

Department of Microbiology, National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2025 Feb 26;12:1502720. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1502720. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fnut.2025.1502720
PMID:40078413
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11896822/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a global health concern, increasingly complicated by antibiotic resistance. Cranberry-derived bioactive compounds, particularly proanthocyanidins (PACs), have emerged as a promising non-antibiotic strategy for UTI prevention. This review examines their efficacy, mechanisms of action, and the evolving research landscape through bibliometric analysis.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess the role of cranberry metabolites in UTI prevention, focusing on anti-adhesive and antimicrobial mechanisms. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis of publications from 1962 to 2024 was performed to evaluate research trends, collaboration networks, and thematic developments.

RESULTS

Cranberry metabolites, particularly A-type PACs, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, inhibit adhesion to urothelial cells, reducing UTI recurrence. Gut microbiota-driven transformation of PACs into bioactive metabolites enhances their efficacy, while cranberry oligosaccharides disrupt biofilm formation in high-risk populations. Bibliometric analysis reveals a surge in research interest post-2000, with increasing global collaborations and a focus on clinical applications.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Cranberry bioactives demonstrate significant potential in UTI management, yet variations in formulation, dosage, and metabolic bioavailability present challenges. The growing research interest underscores the need for standardized clinical studies to optimize therapeutic efficacy and establish evidence-based guidelines for their use.

摘要

引言

尿路感染（UTIs）是一个全球关注的健康问题，抗生素耐药性使其日益复杂。蔓越莓衍生的生物活性化合物，特别是原花青素（PACs），已成为一种有前景的预防尿路感染的非抗生素策略。本综述通过文献计量分析研究了它们的功效、作用机制以及不断演变的研究格局。

方法

进行了全面的文献综述，以评估蔓越莓代谢物在预防尿路感染中的作用，重点关注抗粘附和抗菌机制。此外，对1962年至2024年的出版物进行了文献计量分析，以评估研究趋势、合作网络和主题发展。

结果

蔓越莓代谢物，特别是A型PACs、黄酮类化合物和酚酸，可抑制对尿道上皮细胞的粘附，减少尿路感染的复发。肠道微生物群将PACs转化为生物活性代谢物可增强其功效，而蔓越莓低聚糖可破坏高危人群中的生物膜形成。文献计量分析显示，2000年后研究兴趣激增，全球合作不断增加，且重点关注临床应用。

讨论与结论

蔓越莓生物活性物质在尿路感染管理中显示出巨大潜力，但制剂、剂量和代谢生物利用度的差异带来了挑战。日益增长的研究兴趣强调了进行标准化临床研究的必要性，以优化治疗效果并建立基于证据的使用指南。

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