Wu Long, Zhang Xiaonong, Jin Da, Wu Peng
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Apr;380:124947. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124947. Epub 2025 Mar 12.
The microplastic and antibiotic pollution poses a major threat to human health and natural ecology. Wastewater treatment systems act as a link between human societies and natural ecosystems. Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics (ATs) in wastewater endanger the stabilization of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) system. However, most existing studies have primarily concentrated on the effects and stress mechanisms of either MPs-induced or ATs-induced stress on anammox. A comprehensive and holistic overview of the effects and underlying mechanisms of the combined stress exerted on anammox by both MPs and ATs is currently lacking. This review concludes the effects of MPs and ATs on anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and describes the mechanisms of the effects of these two emerging contaminants on AnAOB. Subsequently, the effects that the combined stress of MPs and ATs can have on the anammox system are reviewed. The adsorption of ATs by MPs, an indispensable mechanism affecting the combined stress, is explained. Additionally, the effect of MPs' aging on their ability to adsorb ATs is presented. Finally, this paper proposes to alleviate the combined stress of MPs and ATs by enriching biofilms and points out the risk of propagation of ARGs under the combined stress. This review sheds light on valuable insights into the combined stress of MPs and ATs on anammox and points out future research directions for this combined stress.
微塑料和抗生素污染对人类健康和自然生态构成重大威胁。污水处理系统是人类社会与自然生态系统之间的纽带。废水中的微塑料（MPs）和抗生素（ATs）危及厌氧氨氧化（anammox）系统的稳定性。然而，大多数现有研究主要集中在MPs诱导或ATs诱导的应激对厌氧氨氧化的影响和应激机制上。目前缺乏对MPs和ATs对厌氧氨氧化施加的联合应激的影响及其潜在机制的全面和整体概述。本综述总结了MPs和ATs对厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）的影响，并描述了这两种新兴污染物对AnAOB的影响机制。随后，综述了MPs和ATs的联合应激对厌氧氨氧化系统可能产生的影响。解释了MPs对ATs的吸附，这是影响联合应激的一个不可或缺的机制。此外，还介绍了MPs老化对其吸附ATs能力的影响。最后，本文提出通过富集生物膜来缓解MPs和ATs的联合应激，并指出联合应激下抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）传播的风险。本综述为深入了解MPs和ATs对厌氧氨氧化的联合应激提供了有价值的见解，并指出了这种联合应激的未来研究方向。
