Zhao Xiaohong, Li Panpan, Yang Jianxun
Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025 Mar;24(3):e70059. doi: 10.1111/jocd.70059.
Sporotrichosis is the most prevalent deep mycosis worldwide. The differential diagnosis of its clinical symptoms and histopathological features presents considerable complexity. A thorough understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of sporotrichosis is crucial for its accurate clinical diagnosis.
This study involved a retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed with sporotrichosis at our hospital between April 2017 and April 2019, summarizing their clinical and histopathological characteristics.
Among the 323 patients included in this study, a higher prevalence was observed in females. The disease predominantly affected middle-aged and elderly patients, aged between 41 and 67 years, with a higher incidence noted in winter and spring. Among the 323 patients, 170 patients (52.7%) presented with the fixed pattern, 128 (40%) with the lymphatic type, 24 (7%) with the special type, and one patient with the cutaneous-disseminated type. There were no cases of the systemic type. Histopathological findings included diffuse infectious granulomas and inflammatory infiltration, primarily characterized by diffuse and non-specific mixed inflammatory cell infiltration (without granulomas). The granulomas were primarily tuberculoid and purulent, with a lesser occurrence of granulomas exhibiting a three-zone structure, which is typically uncommon. An increase in lymphocytes, plasmacytes, and neutrophils was noted as one of the pathological features of the disease.
In this region, sporotrichosis was more prevalent among female patients compared to male patients, with the fixed pattern being more common than the lymphatic type. Histopathological manifestations included diffuse infectious granulomas, with inflammatory infiltration primarily characterized by diffuse infiltration and non-specific mixed inflammatory cell infiltration (without granulomas).
孢子丝菌病是全球最常见的深部真菌病。其临床症状和组织病理学特征的鉴别诊断存在相当大的复杂性。全面了解孢子丝菌病的临床表现和病理特征对于其准确的临床诊断至关重要。
本研究对2017年4月至2019年4月在我院诊断为孢子丝菌病的病例进行回顾性分析，总结其临床和组织病理学特征。
本研究纳入的323例患者中，女性患病率较高。该疾病主要影响41至67岁的中老年患者，冬春季节发病率较高。323例患者中，170例（52.7%）表现为固定型，128例（40%）为淋巴管型，24例（7%）为特殊型，1例为皮肤播散型。无系统性型病例。组织病理学表现为弥漫性感染性肉芽肿和炎症浸润，主要特征为弥漫性、非特异性混合性炎性细胞浸润（无肉芽肿）。肉芽肿主要为结核样和化脓性，呈现三区结构的肉芽肿较少见，这通常不常见。淋巴细胞、浆细胞和中性粒细胞增多是该疾病的病理特征之一。
在该地区，孢子丝菌病在女性患者中比男性患者更普遍，固定型比淋巴管型更常见。组织病理学表现包括弥漫性感染性肉芽肿，炎症浸润主要特征为弥漫性浸润和非特异性混合性炎性细胞浸润（无肉芽肿）。
