Nofiani Risa, Ardiningsih Puji, Putri Cantika Dylani, Rikayati Rifa, Sukito Agus, Juanssilfero Ario Betha, Siregar Josephine Elizabeth, Rizki Andita Fitri Mutiara, Azmi Wihda Aisarul, Weisberg Alexandra J, Mahmud Taifo
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, 78124, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Mar 14;82(5):193. doi: 10.1007/s00284-025-04165-6.
The genome of Streptomyces sp. SM1P was sequenced to give a contig of 7,561,428 bp (71.7% G + C content) and 24 putative secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Eight of the BGCs showed high similarity (≥ 80%), three have moderate similarity (between 50 and 79%), and eleven showed low similarity (less than 50%) to known BGCs. The strain was cultivated in 7 different media prepared in 3 different solvents and the secondary metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate to give 21 different extracts. All extracts showed antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, with extracts from the ISP1/NaCl and ISP4/ASW cultures were the most active against bacteria and brine shrimp nauplii, respectively. The extract of the ISP2/NaCl culture, which gave a high number of spots on TLC, was also active against Plasmodium berghei. Untargeted metabolomic analysis of the ISP1/NaCl, ISP2/NaCl, and ISP4/ASW extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparisons of the data against the National Institute of Standards and Technology 20 Mass Spectral Library showed variations between their secondary metabolites. Principal Component Analysis of the m/z values showed a correlation between ISP1/NaCl and ISP2/NaCl but not with ISP4/ASW. Metabolomic analysis of ISP2/NaCl extract using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and comparisons of the data with those in the GNPS database and others indicated the presence of a lankamycin derivative (an antibiotic) and a cyclosporin derivative (an immunosuppressant). However, many other metabolites did not have a match. The results showed that Streptomyces sp. SM1P has potential as a producer of new secondary metabolites, particularly those with antimicrobial and antitumor activities.
对链霉菌属菌株SM1P的基因组进行了测序，得到了一个长度为7,561,428 bp的重叠群（G+C含量为71.7%）以及24个推定的次生代谢物生物合成基因簇（BGC）。其中8个BGC与已知BGC具有高度相似性（≥80%），3个具有中等相似性（50%至79%之间），11个与已知BGC的相似性较低（小于50%）。该菌株在3种不同溶剂配制的7种不同培养基中培养，并用乙酸乙酯提取次生代谢物，得到21种不同的提取物。所有提取物均显示出抗菌和细胞毒性活性，其中ISP1/NaCl和ISP4/ASW培养基的提取物分别对细菌和卤虫无节幼体活性最强。ISP2/NaCl培养基的提取物在薄层色谱上出现大量斑点，对伯氏疟原虫也有活性。使用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对ISP1/NaCl、ISP2/NaCl和ISP4/ASW提取物进行非靶向代谢组学分析，并将数据与美国国家标准与技术研究院20质谱库进行比较，结果显示它们的次生代谢物存在差异。对m/z值进行主成分分析表明，ISP1/NaCl和ISP2/NaCl之间存在相关性，但与ISP4/ASW没有相关性。使用液相色谱-质谱联用/质谱（LC-MS/MS）对ISP2/NaCl提取物进行代谢组学分析，并将数据与全球天然产物社会分子网络（GNPS）数据库及其他数据库进行比较，结果表明存在一种兰卡霉素衍生物（一种抗生素）和一种环孢菌素衍生物（一种免疫抑制剂）。然而，许多其他代谢物没有匹配结果。结果表明，链霉菌属菌株SM1P具有产生新的次生代谢物的潜力，特别是那些具有抗菌和抗肿瘤活性的次生代谢物。
