Kakuei AliAkbar, Ravari Ali, Mirzaei Tayebeh, Kamiab Zahra, Bahrami Roya
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Sleep Breath. 2025 Mar 14;29(2):131. doi: 10.1007/s11325-025-03296-1.
To examine the effects of diaphragm breathing relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sleep quality in the elderly.
In this three-arm randomized clinical trial, 99 older patients with a primary diagnosis of insomnia were randomly divided into two intervention groups (n = 33) and a control group (n = 33). The study design was a parallel group trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1. The CBT-I intervention was done in a group format for four weeks, consisting of two 60-min sessions per week. The diaphragmatic breathing intervention was trained in a group setting session and practiced individually for 30 min every night before sleep. The control group received no information about sleep or relaxation. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire before, four weeks, and eight weeks after the intervention.
A total of 99 patients were randomized to the CBT-I intervention (n = 33), diaphragmatic breathing intervention (n = 33), or control arm (n = 33), with 74 patients providing final analysis data. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant decrease in sleep quality score (p < 0.001) from pre-test to post-test and one-month follow-ups. The greatest effect of both interventions in reducing the sleep quality score was during the first period of the study (four weeks after the intervention), and there was no significant reduction eight weeks after the intervention.
Diaphragmatic breathing and CBT-I interventions improved sleep quality indicators among older adults.
探讨腹式呼吸放松训练和认知行为疗法对老年人睡眠质量的影响。
在这项三臂随机临床试验中，99例初诊为失眠的老年患者被随机分为两个干预组（n = 33）和一个对照组（n = 33）。研究设计为平行组试验，分配比例为1:1。失眠的认知行为疗法（CBT-I）干预以小组形式进行四周，每周两次，每次60分钟。腹式呼吸干预在小组会议中进行培训，并在每晚睡前单独练习30分钟。对照组未获得有关睡眠或放松的信息。参与者在干预前、干预后四周和八周完成匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷。
共有99例患者被随机分配到CBT-I干预组（n = 33）、腹式呼吸干预组（n = 33）或对照组（n = 33），74例患者提供了最终分析数据。重复测量方差分析显示，从测试前到测试后以及1个月随访时，睡眠质量得分显著降低（p < 0.001）。两种干预措施在降低睡眠质量得分方面的最大效果出现在研究的第一阶段（干预后四周），干预后八周没有显著降低。
腹式呼吸和CBT-I干预改善了老年人的睡眠质量指标。
