Noor Zannatun, Islam Shaumik, Hasan Md Mehedi, Khan Ar-Rafi, Gazi Md Amran, Hossaini Farzana, Haque Rashidul, Ahmed Tahmeed, Mahfuz Mustafa
Infectious Diseases Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Nutrition Research Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Immunobiology. 2025 May;230(3):152887. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2025.152887. Epub 2025 Mar 6.
Children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have a weakened immune system. The relationship between malnutrition and alterations in the frequency of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remains unclear. This study investigated the altered immune responses in Bangladeshi children with SAM compared to healthy children. PBMCs were collected from 24 healthy children and 25 children with SAM upon their hospital admission and after 21 days of nutritional therapy at a nutritional rehabilitation unit. Flow cytometry was employed to assess various subsets of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Children with SAM exhibited significantly lower levels of activated (CD25+) B cells (SAM vs. healthy: 0.18 % vs. 0.30 %, p = 0.031) and NK cells (SAM vs. healthy: 4.9 % vs. 9.6 %, p = 0.003) compared to healthy controls. Similar immune responses were observed in SAM children during both hospitalization and discharge, with NK cell percentages showing slight increases but remaining significantly lower than in healthy children (SAM endline vs. healthy: 5.9 % vs. 9.6 %, p = 0.032). Notable reductions were also observed in CD62+ helper T cells, CD62L+ cytotoxic T cells, and CD62L+ B cells. These results suggest that although SAM children recover clinically, their immune systems remain compromised during discharge.
患有严重急性营养不良（SAM）的儿童免疫系统较弱。营养不良与外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）频率改变之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究调查了与健康儿童相比，患有SAM的孟加拉国儿童免疫反应的变化。在24名健康儿童和25名患有SAM的儿童入院时以及在营养康复单位接受21天营养治疗后采集PBMC。采用流式细胞术评估T细胞、B细胞和自然杀伤（NK）细胞的各个亚群。与健康对照相比，患有SAM的儿童活化（CD25 +）B细胞（SAM组与健康组：0.18%对0.30%，p = 0.031）和NK细胞（SAM组与健康组：4.9%对9.6%，p = 0.003）水平显著降低。在住院和出院期间，SAM儿童均观察到类似的免疫反应，NK细胞百分比略有增加，但仍显著低于健康儿童（SAM组终末期与健康组：5.9%对9.6%，p = 0.032）。CD62 +辅助性T细胞、CD62L +细胞毒性T细胞和CD62L + B细胞也有明显减少。这些结果表明，尽管患有SAM的儿童临床症状有所恢复，但出院时其免疫系统仍受到损害。
