Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Saravanan Natarajan, Bethunaickan Ramalingam, Tripathy Srikanth
Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.
Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.
Front Immunol. 2017 Oct 18;8:1316. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01316. eCollection 2017.
Nutrition plays a major role in the management of both acute and chronic diseases, in terms of body's response to the pathogenic organism. An array of nutrients like macro- and micro-nutrients, vitamins, etc., are associated with boosting the host's immune responses against intracellular pathogens including (). These nutrients have an immunomodulatory effects in controlling the infection and inflammation process and nutritional deficiency of any form, i.e., malnutrition may lead to nutritionally acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which greatly increases an individual's susceptibility to progression of infection to disease. This narrative review looks at the various mechanisms by which nutrition or its deficiency leads to impaired cell mediated and humoral immune responses, which in turn affects the ability of an individual to fight infection or disease. There is very little evidence in the literature that any specific food on its own or a specific quantity can alter the course of TB disease or be effective in the treatment of malnutrition. Further clinical trials or studies will be needed to recommend and to better understand the link between malnutrition, tuberculosis, and impaired immunity.
就身体对病原体的反应而言，营养在急性和慢性疾病的管理中起着重要作用。一系列营养素，如大量营养素和微量营养素、维生素等，与增强宿主对包括（）在内的细胞内病原体的免疫反应有关。这些营养素在控制感染和炎症过程中具有免疫调节作用，任何形式的营养缺乏，即营养不良，可能导致营养性获得性免疫缺陷综合征，这大大增加了个体对感染发展为疾病的易感性。这篇叙述性综述探讨了营养或其缺乏导致细胞介导和体液免疫反应受损的各种机制，进而影响个体对抗感染或疾病的能力。文献中几乎没有证据表明任何一种特定食物或特定数量能够改变结核病的病程或有效治疗营养不良。需要进一步的临床试验或研究来推荐并更好地理解营养不良、结核病和免疫受损之间的联系。
