Khamisa Natasha, Madala Siyanda, Fonka Cyril Bernsah
Division of Health and Society, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Mar 15;24(1):290. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02938-9.
The wellbeing of health care workers (HCWs) has been an ongoing challenge, especially within low and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as South Africa. Evidence suggesting that HCWs are increasingly stressed and burned out is cause for concern. Nurses in particular have been impacted physically, mentally and psychosocially during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This may leave a disproportionate consequence, affecting various aspects of their wellbeing, thereby justifying a need for a more holistic investigation of the wellbeing of South African nurses and their coping mechanisms during the peak of the pandemic.
This was a cross-sectional study design. Online self-reported questionnaires were administered in six hospitals, sampled purposively and conveniently from three South African provinces. Using STATA 18.0, the Wilcoxon Ranksum test at 5% alpha compared the wellbeing and coping mechanisms of nursing staff and nursing management during COVID-19's peak. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with burnout in nurses, at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Validated scales measuring burnout, coping, resilience, as well as mental and physical health were utilised.
Of 139 participants, 112(97.4%) were females, with 91(82%) and 20(18%) being nursing staff and management respectively. The median age of the participants was 43.3 years (n = 112), with a practising duration of 12 years (n = 111). There was a significant difference in the burnout score between nursing staff and nursing management (p = 0.028). In the univariable linear regression model, burnout was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the Brief COPE Inventory (BCI), Conor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRS), Global Mental and Health Scale (GMHS), Global Physical and Health Scale (GPHS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), as well as occupation. In the multivariable linear regression model, burnout was significantly associated with the CDRS [Coeff.=0.7, 95%CI 0.4; 0.9], GMHS [Coeff.=-2.4, 95%CI -3.2; -1.6], GPHS [Coeff.2.1, 95%CI 1.3; 2.9], and HADS [Coeff.=0.7, 95%CI 0.2; 1.2].
Investigating multiple aspects of wellbeing in this study, it's shown that coping and resilience may not be key factors in promoting the wellbeing of South African nurses. However, effective mental health interventions are crucial and should be prioritised to mitigate burnout during future health emergencies. Future studies examining the associations between general health, coping and resilience may help generate further evidence towards holistic interventions aimed at promoting nurses' wellbeing.
Not applicable.
医护人员的福祉一直是一项持续存在的挑战，尤其是在南非等低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）。有证据表明医护人员压力越来越大且疲惫不堪，这令人担忧。特别是护士在最近的新冠疫情期间在身体、心理和社会心理方面都受到了影响。这可能会产生不成比例的后果，影响他们福祉的各个方面，因此有必要对南非护士在疫情高峰期的福祉及其应对机制进行更全面的调查。
这是一项横断面研究设计。在南非三个省份有目的地且方便地抽取了六家医院，通过在线自我报告问卷进行调查。使用STATA 18.0，在5%的显著性水平下，采用威尔科克森秩和检验比较了新冠疫情高峰期护理人员和护理管理人员的福祉及应对机制。进行了单变量和多变量线性回归分析，以确定与护士职业倦怠相关的因素，置信区间为95%（CI）。使用了经过验证的测量职业倦怠、应对、复原力以及心理和身体健康的量表。
在139名参与者中，112名（97.4%）为女性，其中91名（82%）为护理人员，20名（18%）为管理人员。参与者的中位年龄为43.3岁（n = 112），从业年限为12年（n = 111）。护理人员和护理管理人员的职业倦怠得分存在显著差异（p = 0.028）。在单变量线性回归模型中，职业倦怠与简易应对方式问卷（BCI）、康纳 - 戴维森复原力量表（CDRS）、全球心理健康量表（GMHS）、全球身体健康量表（GPHS）、医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）以及职业显著相关（p < 0.05）。在多变量线性回归模型中，职业倦怠与CDRS [系数 = 0.7，95%CI 0.4；0.9]、GMHS [系数 = -2.4，95%CI -3.2；-1.6]、GPHS [系数 = 2.1，95%CI 1.3；2.9]和HADS [系数 = 0.7，95%CI 0.2；1.2]显著相关。
本研究对福祉的多个方面进行了调查，结果表明应对和复原力可能不是促进南非护士福祉的关键因素。然而，有效的心理健康干预至关重要，在未来的卫生紧急情况中应优先考虑以减轻职业倦怠。未来研究一般健康、应对和复原力之间的关联可能有助于为旨在促进护士福祉的整体干预措施提供更多证据。
不适用。
