Eraghi Vida, Zagradišnik Lidija Medven, Matasović Mavro, Vlahović Dunja, Huber Doroteja, Kurilj Andrea Gudan, Šoštarić-Zuckermann Ivan-Conrado, Artuković Branka, Buhin Ivana Mihoković, Ciprić Iva, Hohšteter Marko
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Vet Point, Veterinary Practice, Zagreb, Croatia.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Mar 17;21(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04634-x.
Lymphoma is the most prevalent hematopoietic system tumor in dogs and holds significant clinical importance in veterinary medicine. However, the epidemiology of canine lymphoma in Croatia remains understudied. This retrospective study aims to describe the predominant lymphoma types in this population over 14 years and evaluate associations with sex, breed, and age.
Among 28,681 canine cases referred to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zagreb, from 2009 to 2023, a total of 374 cases (1.30%) were diagnosed with lymphoma. Of these, 282 cases (75.40%) were purebred dogs, with the most affected breeds being Golden Retrievers (23, 6.15%), Labrador Retrievers (23, 6.15%), German Shepherds (14, 3.74%), and Boxers (14, 3.74%). Bullmastiffs (8.14%) had the highest number of lymphoma diagnoses among the referred breeds, followed by Airedale Terriers (6.67%) and German Shepherds (5.09%). The Maltese, though a popular breed, showed a low lymphoma rate of 0.40%, indicating no notable predisposition. Multicentric lymphoma (59, 53.64%) was the most common anatomical classification, followed by cutaneous (33, 30.00%) and alimentary lymphoma (13, 11.82%). The mean age at diagnosis was 8.27 ± 3.07 years, with most cases occurring between 5 and 10 years (207, 55.35%). Males (216, 57.75%) were more frequently affected than females (158, 42.24%), except among Golden Retrievers, where 69.56% of cases were female.
Our study reveals that the distribution of dogs with lymphomas, including type and anatomical classification, in terms of breed, sex and age, is consistent with existing literature, except in the cases of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Scottish Terriers. Further molecular and environmental studies are recommended.
淋巴瘤是犬类中最常见的造血系统肿瘤，在兽医学中具有重要的临床意义。然而，克罗地亚犬类淋巴瘤的流行病学仍未得到充分研究。这项回顾性研究旨在描述该人群14年来主要的淋巴瘤类型，并评估其与性别、品种和年龄的关联。
在2009年至2023年转诊至萨格勒布大学兽医病理学系的28681例犬类病例中，共有374例（1.30%）被诊断为淋巴瘤。其中，282例（75.40%）为纯种犬，受影响最多的品种是金毛寻回犬（23例，6.15%）、拉布拉多寻回犬（23例，6.15%）、德国牧羊犬（14例，3.74%）和拳师犬（14例，3.74%）。斗牛獒犬（8.14%）在转诊品种中淋巴瘤诊断数量最多，其次是万能梗（6.67%）和德国牧羊犬（5.09%）。马尔济斯犬虽然是一个受欢迎的品种，但其淋巴瘤发病率较低，为0.40%，表明没有明显的易感性。多中心淋巴瘤（59例，53.64%）是最常见的解剖学分类，其次是皮肤淋巴瘤（33例，30.00%）和消化道淋巴瘤（13例，11.82%）。诊断时的平均年龄为8.27±3.07岁，大多数病例发生在5至10岁之间（207例，55.35%）。雄性（216例，57.75%）比雌性（158例，42.24%）更容易受到影响，但金毛寻回犬除外，其中69.56%的病例为雌性。
我们的研究表明，淋巴瘤犬在品种、性别和年龄方面的分布，包括类型和解剖学分类，与现有文献一致，但金毛寻回犬、巴吉度猎犬和苏格兰梗除外。建议进一步开展分子和环境研究。
