Ning Na, Liu Zhiting, Li Xinyu, Liu Yi, Song Wei
Department of Minimally Invasive Comprehensive Treatment of Cancer, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Kidney Dis (Basel). 2024 Nov 11;11(1):1-10. doi: 10.1159/000541919. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Kidney disease has become a growing public health problem worldwide, and there is an urgent need to develop reliable models for investigating novel and effective treatment strategies. In recent years, kidney organoids, as novel models different from traditional two-dimensional cells and model animals, have attracted more and more attention. Current advances have allowed the generation of kidney organoids from the directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which possess similar characteristics to embryonic stem cells, but bypass ethical constraints and have a wide range of sources.
Herein, the methods of generating renal organoids from iPSCs, the applications of iPSC-derived renal organoids in disease modeling, drug effectiveness detection, and regenerative medicine as well as the challenges were reviewed.
iPSC-derived renal organoids can be used to model kidney diseases and are great models for studying kidney injury and toxicity. Many efforts are needed to finally apply organoids into clinical application.
肾脏疾病已成为全球日益严重的公共卫生问题，迫切需要开发可靠的模型来研究新型有效治疗策略。近年来，肾脏类器官作为不同于传统二维细胞和模式动物的新型模型，受到越来越多的关注。目前的进展使得通过诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）的定向分化产生肾脏类器官成为可能，iPSC具有与胚胎干细胞相似的特征，但绕过了伦理限制且来源广泛。
本文综述了从iPSC生成肾类器官的方法、iPSC来源的肾类器官在疾病建模、药物有效性检测和再生医学中的应用以及面临的挑战。
iPSC来源的肾类器官可用于模拟肾脏疾病，是研究肾损伤和毒性的良好模型。要最终将类器官应用于临床还需要付出很多努力。
