Kayani Kawan F, Mohammed Sewara J, Mohammad Nian N, Rahim Mohammed K, Mustafa Muhammad S, Ahmed Harez Rashid, Karim Wrya O, Sidiq Mohammed K, Aziz Shujahadeen B
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq.
Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah City, Iraq.
J Fluoresc. 2025 Mar 17. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04254-6.
The increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly technologies has driven significant interest in carbon dots (CDs) due to their unique optical properties, low toxicity, and versatile applications in sensing. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current advancements in CD-based sensing approaches, with a focus on their environmental sustainability based on greenness evaluation tools. We begin by discussing the principles and methodologies of greenness evaluation, including various assessment tools and metrics used to measure the environmental impact of CD synthesis and applications. Key applications of CD-based sensors in detecting pollutants, biomolecules, and other analytes are examined, emphasizing their potential in environmental monitoring, biological, and food analysis. The review concludes with a discussion on future research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges and enhancing the sustainability of CD-based sensing technologies. Through this detailed exploration, we aim to provide valuable insights into the greenness of CDs, fostering their development as a cornerstone of sustainable sensing technologies. The evaluation tools applied for future probes confirmed their superior environmental friendliness.
对可持续和环保技术日益增长的需求，因其独特的光学特性、低毒性以及在传感方面的广泛应用，引发了人们对碳点（CDs）的浓厚兴趣。本综述的目的是对基于碳点的传感方法的当前进展进行全面分析，重点基于绿色评估工具探讨其环境可持续性。我们首先讨论绿色评估的原则和方法，包括用于衡量碳点合成及应用对环境影响的各种评估工具和指标。研究了基于碳点的传感器在检测污染物、生物分子和其他分析物方面的关键应用，强调了它们在环境监测、生物和食品分析中的潜力。综述最后讨论了旨在克服这些挑战并提高基于碳点的传感技术可持续性的未来研究方向。通过这一详细探讨，我们旨在为碳点的绿色性提供有价值的见解，促进其作为可持续传感技术基石的发展。应用于未来探针的评估工具证实了它们卓越的环境友好性。
