Almulhim Marwa, Ghasemian Abdolmajid, Memariani Mojtaba, Karami Farnaz, Yassen Asmaa S A, Alexiou Athanasios, Papadakis Marios, Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Mol Divers. 2025 Mar 18. doi: 10.1007/s11030-025-11131-8.
The global impact of emerging and re-emerging viral agents during epidemics and pandemics leads to serious health and economic burdens. Among the major emerging or re-emerging viruses include SARS-CoV-2, Ebola virus (EBOV), Monkeypox virus (Mpox), Hepatitis viruses, Zika virus, Avian flu, Influenza virus, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Dengue fever virus (DENV), West Nile virus, Rhabdovirus, Sandfly fever virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus, and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify existing studies, clinical trials, and reviews that discuss drug repositioning strategies for the treatment of emerging and re-emerging viral infections using databases, such as PubMed, Scholar Google, Scopus, and Web of Science. By utilizing drug repositioning, pharmaceutical companies can take advantage of a cost-effective, accelerated, and effective strategy, which in turn leads to the discovery of innovative treatment options for patients. In light of antiviral drug resistance and the high costs of developing novel antivirals, drug repositioning holds great promise for more rapid substitution of approved drugs. Main repositioned drugs have included chloroquine, ivermectin, dexamethasone, Baricitinib, tocilizumab, Mab114 (Ebanga™), ZMapp (pharming), Artesunate, imiquimod, saquinavir, capmatinib, naldemedine, Trametinib, statins, celecoxib, naproxen, metformin, ruxolitinib, nitazoxanide, gemcitabine, Dorzolamide, Midodrine, Diltiazem, zinc acetate, suramin, 5-fluorouracil, quinine, minocycline, trifluoperazine, paracetamol, berbamine, Nifedipine, and chlorpromazine. This succinct review will delve into the topic of repositioned drugs that have been utilized to combat emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens.
新发和再发病毒病原体在流行和大流行期间对全球产生影响，导致严重的健康和经济负担。主要的新发或再发病毒包括严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）、埃博拉病毒（EBOV）、猴痘病毒（Mpox）、肝炎病毒、寨卡病毒、禽流感、流感病毒、基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）、登革热病毒（DENV）、西尼罗河病毒、弹状病毒、白蛉热病毒、克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）病毒和裂谷热病毒（RVFV）。我们进行了全面的文献检索，以确定使用PubMed、谷歌学术、Scopus和科学网等数据库讨论治疗新发和再发病毒感染的药物重新定位策略的现有研究、临床试验和综述。通过利用药物重新定位，制药公司可以采用一种具有成本效益、加速且有效的策略，这反过来又能为患者发现创新的治疗选择。鉴于抗病毒药物耐药性以及开发新型抗病毒药物的高昂成本，药物重新定位对于更快地替代已批准药物具有很大的前景。主要的重新定位药物包括氯喹、伊维菌素、地塞米松、巴瑞替尼、托珠单抗、Mab114（Ebanga™）、ZMapp（制药公司）、青蒿琥酯、咪喹莫特、沙奎那韦、卡马替尼、纳地美定、曲美替尼、他汀类药物、塞来昔布、萘普生、二甲双胍、芦可替尼、硝唑尼特、吉西他滨、多佐胺、米多君、地尔硫䓬、醋酸锌、苏拉明、5-氟尿嘧啶、奎宁、米诺环素、三氟拉嗪、对乙酰氨基酚、小檗胺、硝苯地平、氯丙嗪。这篇简要综述将深入探讨用于对抗新发和再发病毒病原体的重新定位药物这一主题。
