Liu Yuan, Xiang Shaoneng, Wang Yanying, Xu Qinghua
Department of Pharmacy, Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Jianyang Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Mar 14;104(11):e41646. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041646.
To analyze the effects of drug treatments and types of drugs on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women at different gestational ages. The records of 526 pregnant women from our hospital from September 2018 to January 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. Women were categorized into 3 groups: normal delivery, artificial abortion, and spontaneous abortion. Data on maternal age, gestational age, smoking, drinking, radiation, medication timing, and types were collected and compared. Pearson correlation analysis assessed relationships between pregnancy outcomes, gestational age at medication, and medication types. After comparing multiple potential influencing factors, it was found that smoking history, timing of medication, and the use of antitussive and phlegm-reducing medications differed significantly among the different pregnancy outcome groups (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the gestational age at which pregnant women took medication was a significant positive influencing factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, specifically artificial abortion (Coefficient = 0.210, P = .002). In addition, the use of antitussive and phlegm-reducing medications had a positive directional influence on adverse pregnancy outcomes, specifically spontaneous abortion (Coefficient = 0.294, P = .016). Further analysis showed that as the gestational age at the time of medication increased, the normal delivery rate initially increased and then decreased. The rate of artificial abortion first increased and then stabilized, while the spontaneous abortion rate showed minimal fluctuation. The use of medications by pregnant women and the duration of pregnancy significantly impact induced abortion rates. Cough and mucus-reducing medications can lead to miscarriage, while other drugs in early pregnancy generally do not affect outcomes. Antitussive and mucus-reducing drugs specifically increase the risk of spontaneous abortion. Raising awareness about proper medication use and conducting research on this topic is crucial for enhancing prenatal and postnatal care, reducing induced abortions, and promoting population growth.
分析不同孕周孕妇药物治疗及药物类型对妊娠结局的影响。回顾性分析我院2018年9月至2024年1月526例孕妇的记录。将孕妇分为3组：顺产、人工流产和自然流产。收集并比较产妇年龄、孕周、吸烟、饮酒、辐射、用药时间和药物类型等数据。采用Pearson相关分析评估妊娠结局、用药时孕周和药物类型之间的关系。比较多个潜在影响因素后发现，不同妊娠结局组之间吸烟史、用药时间以及止咳化痰药物的使用存在显著差异（P < .05）。多元回归分析表明，孕妇用药时的孕周是不良妊娠结局（尤其是人工流产）的显著正影响因素（系数 = 0.210，P = .002）。此外，止咳化痰药物的使用对不良妊娠结局（尤其是自然流产）有正向影响（系数 = 0.294，P = .016）。进一步分析表明，随着用药时孕周增加，顺产率先升高后降低。人工流产率先升高后稳定，而自然流产率波动最小。孕妇用药情况和孕期长短对人工流产率有显著影响。止咳化痰药物可导致流产，而孕早期使用其他药物一般不影响结局。止咳化痰药物尤其会增加自然流产风险。提高合理用药意识并开展相关研究对于加强围产期保健、减少人工流产和促进人口增长至关重要。
