Zhang Xiaohui, Wu Lehuan, Gu Lihong, Jiang Qicheng, He Zhongchun, Qi Yanxia, Zheng Xinli, Xu Tieshan
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
Poult Sci. 2025 May;104(5):104971. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104971. Epub 2025 Mar 5.
Areca nut extract (ANE) has a variety of pharmacological effects on animals. Here, we investigated the influence of ANE on the slaughter performance and immune function of Jiaji ducks. One hundred and fifty 42-day-old healthy Jiaji ducks were randomly divided into 2 groups (5 replicates of 15 ducks each), named DCK group (control) and DNT group (treatment), respectively. Ducks in the DCK group were fed a basal diet and ducks in the DNT group were fed a basal food supplemented with 0.08 g ANE per kg of basal diet. Additionally, using proteomics, untargeted metabolomics, and metagenomics, we analyzed the impact of ANE on the protein profile of the spleen, the composition of plasma metabolites, and the structure of the cecal microbiota. The results showed that the dietary inclusion of ANE significantly increased the slaughter rate of Jiaji ducks. Proteomic analysis revealed 78 differentially expressed proteins in the spleens of ANE-treated birds, including 54 proteins up-regulated and 24 proteins down-regulated in the DNT group, mainly enriched in cell adhesion molecules and glutathione metabolic pathways. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that 117 serum metabolites were differentially regulated between the ANE and DCK groups; meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these metabolites were mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, phospholipase D signaling pathway and eicosanoids. Furthermore, a metagenomic analysis showed that the genus Methanobrevibacter was significantly downregulated in the ANE supplementation group. Combined, the results of the metagenomic and metabolomic analyses showed that the relative abundance of Prevotella was significantly lower in the ANE group than in the DCK group and that Prevotella was negatively correlated with the levels of the anti-inflammatory compound hydrocinnamic acid and the lipid metabolism regulator ganoderic acid A. This study provides a reference for the application of ANE as a supplement in the diet of Jiaji ducks.
槟榔提取物（ANE）对动物具有多种药理作用。在此，我们研究了ANE对嘉积鸭屠宰性能和免疫功能的影响。150只42日龄健康嘉积鸭被随机分为2组（每组5个重复，每个重复15只鸭），分别命名为DCK组（对照组）和DNT组（处理组）。DCK组的鸭饲喂基础日粮，DNT组的鸭饲喂在基础日粮中每千克添加0.08 g ANE的日粮。此外，我们使用蛋白质组学、非靶向代谢组学和宏基因组学分析了ANE对脾脏蛋白质谱、血浆代谢物组成和盲肠微生物群结构的影响。结果表明，日粮中添加ANE显著提高了嘉积鸭的屠宰率。蛋白质组学分析显示，ANE处理的禽类脾脏中有78种差异表达蛋白，其中DNT组上调54种，下调24种，主要富集在细胞粘附分子和谷胱甘肽代谢途径中。非靶向代谢组学分析显示，ANE组和DCK组之间有117种血清代谢物受到差异调节；同时，KEGG通路分析表明，这些代谢物主要参与花生四烯酸代谢、磷脂酶D信号通路和类二十烷酸。此外，宏基因组学分析表明，甲烷短杆菌属在ANE添加组中显著下调。综合宏基因组学和代谢组学分析结果表明，ANE组中普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度显著低于DCK组，且普雷沃氏菌属与抗炎化合物氢化肉桂酸和脂质代谢调节剂灵芝酸A的水平呈负相关。本研究为ANE作为嘉积鸭日粮添加剂的应用提供了参考。
