Jackson Sarah E, Cox Sharon, Buss Vera, Tattan-Birch Harry, Brown Jamie
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK.
Addiction. 2025 Sep;120(9):1790-1801. doi: 10.1111/add.70032. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
In addition to national policies and interventions, certain regions in England (particularly in the North) coordinate regional tobacco control programmes. This study aimed to (i) examine trends in tobacco smoking prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in smoking across regions and (ii) explore how trends in smoking prevalence have differed between regions with and without dedicated regional tobacco control activity.
Observational study using data drawn from nationally representative monthly cross-sectional household surveys, conducted between November 2006 and July 2024.
England.
368 057 adults (≥16 years old).
We used logistic regression to estimate time trends in current smoking by region, and tested interactions with occupational social grade to explore differences between more and less advantaged groups.
Smoking prevalence declined most in the North [28.8% to 15.8%; -12.9 percentage points (95% confidence interval -14.4 to -11.5)], similar to the national average in the Midlands [25.2% to 16.0%; -9.2 (-10.6 to -7.9)], and least in the South [22.7% to 17.3%; -5.3 (-6.5 to -4.0)], reducing regional disparities such that prevalence was similar across regions in 2024. Socioeconomic inequalities in smoking prevalence between more and less advantaged social grades fell most in Yorkshire and the Humber [from 17.9 percentage points (14.1-21.8) to 3.7 (0.4-7.0)] and the West Midlands [from 16.1 (12.8-19.6) to 3.0 (-0.03 to 6.0)]. Regions with sustained regional tobacco control activity saw greater declines in smoking prevalence [-13.3 (-15.3 to -11.3)] than regions with none [-9.3 (-10.0 to -8.5)].
Between 2006 and 2024, smoking rates in the North of England fell faster than the national average, narrowing the geographic inequalities in smoking prevalence and bringing the North of England into alignment with other regions by 2024. Regional tobacco control programmes appeared to contribute to this progress.
除了国家政策和干预措施外，英格兰的某些地区（特别是北部地区）还协调区域烟草控制计划。本研究旨在：（i）研究各地区吸烟流行率的趋势以及吸烟方面的社会经济不平等情况；（ii）探讨有专门区域烟草控制活动的地区和没有此类活动的地区在吸烟流行率趋势上的差异。
使用2006年11月至2024年7月期间全国代表性月度横断面家庭调查数据进行的观察性研究。
英格兰。
368057名成年人（≥16岁）。
我们使用逻辑回归来估计各地区当前吸烟率的时间趋势，并测试与职业社会等级的交互作用，以探讨优势程度不同的群体之间的差异。
北部地区吸烟流行率下降幅度最大[从28.8%降至15.8%；下降12.9个百分点（95%置信区间为-14.4至-11.5）]，与中部地区的全国平均水平相似[从25.2%降至16.0%；下降9.2个百分点（-10.6至-7.9）]，南部地区下降幅度最小[从22.7%降至17.3%；下降5.3个百分点（-6.5至-4.0）]，这减少了地区差异，使得2024年各地区的流行率相似。优势程度不同的社会等级在吸烟流行率方面的社会经济不平等在约克郡和亨伯赛德地区下降幅度最大[从17.9个百分点（14.1-21.8）降至3.7个百分点（0.4-7.0）]，西米德兰兹地区也是如此[从16.1个百分点（12.8-19.6）降至3.0个百分点（-0.03至6.0）]。持续开展区域烟草控制活动的地区吸烟流行率下降幅度更大[-13.3个百分点（-15.3至-11.3）]，高于没有此类活动的地区[-9.3个百分点（-10.0至-8.5）]。
2006年至2024年期间，英格兰北部的吸烟率下降速度快于全国平均水平，缩小了吸烟流行率方面的地理不平等，并使英格兰北部在2024年与其他地区趋于一致。区域烟草控制计划似乎对这一进展起到了推动作用。
