Nalikkaramal Sukritha, Hill Sharon Rose, Ignell Rickard
Disease Vector Group, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Box 102, 234 56, Lomma, Alnarp, Sweden.
Max Planck Center Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology, Alnarp, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9310. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92193-4.
Elevation in carbon dioxide is a global threat, driving anthropogenic climate change. How disease-vectoring mosquitoes respond to these changes is currently largely unknown. The dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, has adapted to urban environments, which are more affected by climatic changes, especially CO. Aedes aegypti lay eggs around ephemeral water bodies that are prone to desiccation, with the pharate larvae possessing the ability to resist the desiccation, during which the permeability across the chorion is compromised. The study investigates the combined effects of elevated atmospheric CO and extended egg quiescence duration on life-history traits of immature and adult stages, including development rate, survival and size. Furthermore, we analysed the metabolic reserves of newly emerged females and whether mosquitoes display compensatory feeding in response to restricted reserves. Extended egg quiescence duration, combined with elevated CO level, differentially affected developmental duration and larval survival, with carry-over effects on adult metabolic reserves, size and survival. The interaction of elevated CO conditions and egg quiescence period differentially impact life-history traits of Ae. aegypti. The findings of this study provide evidential support for assertion that changing climatic conditions significantly impact survival and population dynamics, as well as feeding propensity, which directly affect the vectorial capacity of Ae. aegypti.
二氧化碳浓度升高是一个全球性威胁，它推动着人为气候变化。目前，携带疾病的蚊子如何应对这些变化在很大程度上尚不清楚。登革热传播媒介埃及伊蚊已经适应了城市环境，而城市环境受气候变化尤其是二氧化碳的影响更大。埃及伊蚊在容易干涸的临时性水体周围产卵，处于胚胎发育阶段的幼虫具有抵抗干燥的能力，在此期间卵壳的通透性会受到损害。这项研究调查了大气中二氧化碳浓度升高和延长的卵静止期对未成熟和成虫阶段生活史特征的综合影响，包括发育速率、存活率和体型大小。此外，我们分析了新羽化雌性蚊子的代谢储备，以及蚊子是否会因储备受限而表现出补偿性进食行为。延长的卵静止期与升高的二氧化碳水平相结合，对发育持续时间和幼虫存活率产生了不同的影响，并对成虫的代谢储备、体型大小和存活率产生了延续效应。二氧化碳浓度升高的条件与卵静止期的相互作用对埃及伊蚊的生活史特征产生了不同的影响。这项研究的结果为以下论断提供了证据支持：不断变化的气候条件会显著影响埃及伊蚊的生存、种群动态以及进食倾向，而这些因素直接影响埃及伊蚊的传播能力。
