Barreda Marina, Cantarero-Prieto David, Coca Daniel, Delgado Abraham, Lanza-León Paloma, Lera Javier, Montalbán Rocío, Pérez Flora
Research Group of Health Economics, IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
Department of Economics, University of Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
Digit Health. 2025 Mar 17;11:20552076251319174. doi: 10.1177/20552076251319174. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the demand and use of healthcare resources, prompting the search for efficient solutions under budgetary constraints. In this context, the increasing use of artificial intelligence and telemedicine has emerged as a key strategy to optimize healthcare delivery and resources. Consequently, chatbots have emerged as innovative tools in various healthcare fields, such as mental health and patient monitoring, offering therapeutic conversations and early interventions. This systematic review aims to explore the current state of chatbots in the healthcare sector, meticulously evaluating their effectiveness, practical applications, and potential benefits.
This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, utilizing three databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, to identify relevant studies on the use and cost of chatbots in health over the past 5 years.
Several articles were identified through the database search ( = 31). The chatbot interventions were categorized by similar types. The reviewed articles highlight the diverse applications of chatbot interventions in healthcare, including mental health support, medical information, appointment management, health education, lifestyle changes, and COVID-19 management, demonstrating significant potential across these areas.
Furthermore, there are challenges regarding the implementation of chatbots, compatibility with other systems, and ethical considerations that may arise in different healthcare settings. Addressing these issues will be essential to maximize the benefits of chatbots, mitigate risks, and ensure equitable access to these health innovations.
新冠疫情加剧了对医疗资源的需求和使用，促使人们在预算限制下寻求高效解决方案。在此背景下，人工智能和远程医疗的使用日益增加，已成为优化医疗服务和资源的关键策略。因此，聊天机器人已成为心理健康和患者监测等各个医疗领域的创新工具，提供治疗性对话和早期干预。本系统评价旨在探讨医疗领域中聊天机器人的现状，细致评估其有效性、实际应用和潜在益处。
本系统评价按照PRISMA指南进行，利用包括PubMed、科学网和Scopus在内的三个数据库，识别过去5年中关于聊天机器人在医疗领域的使用和成本的相关研究。
通过数据库检索确定了多篇文章（n = 31）。聊天机器人干预措施按相似类型进行分类。综述文章强调了聊天机器人干预措施在医疗保健中的多样应用，包括心理健康支持、医疗信息、预约管理、健康教育、生活方式改变和新冠管理，在这些领域显示出巨大潜力。
此外，在不同医疗环境中，聊天机器人的实施、与其他系统的兼容性以及伦理考量方面存在挑战。解决这些问题对于最大化聊天机器人的益处、降低风险以及确保公平获得这些医疗创新至关重要。
