Ji Xiaolan, Sun Yunfan, Xie Yuyang, Gao Jianling, Zhang Ji
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China.
The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 4;16:1533254. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533254. eCollection 2025.
Autoimmune diseases are a group of diseases in which the body's immune system misrecognizes its own antigens resulting in an abnormal immune response, which can lead to pathological damage to or abnormal functioning of its own tissues. Current treatments are mainly hormones and broad-spectrum immunosuppressants, but these can lead to a decline in the patient's immunity. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) Cell therapy has emerged, and now the structure of CAR has changed from first generation to fourth generation of CAR. The significant achievement of CAR-T therapy to B-cell leukemia has also inspired the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and by investigating the mechanisms of different autoimmune diseases, different designs of CAR-T can be used to specifically treat autoimmune diseases. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic strategies of CAR-T cells in different autoimmune diseases and the limitations of the treatment.
自身免疫性疾病是一组疾病，其中机体的免疫系统错误识别自身抗原，导致异常免疫反应，进而可导致自身组织的病理损伤或功能异常。目前的治疗方法主要是激素和广谱免疫抑制剂，但这些会导致患者免疫力下降。嵌合抗原受体T（CAR-T）细胞疗法应运而生，目前CAR的结构已从第一代发展到第四代。CAR-T疗法在治疗B细胞白血病方面取得的重大成就也启发了自身免疫性疾病的治疗，通过研究不同自身免疫性疾病的发病机制，可以采用不同设计的CAR-T来特异性治疗自身免疫性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论CAR-T细胞在不同自身免疫性疾病中的治疗策略以及该治疗方法的局限性。
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