Vafaei Azam, Khorashadizadeh Fatemeh, Saberi-Karimian Maryam, Soflaei Sara Saffar, Amini Mahnaz, Rashid Abolfazl, Yousefian Sara, Ferns Gordon A, Esmaily Habibollah, Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid, Salaran Reza, Taherian Fatemeh
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms. 2025 Feb 12;18:100113. doi: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2025.100113. eCollection 2025 May.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), as a relatively unknown sleep disorder, often associated with obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between RLS and different definitions of obesity within the Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder (MASHAD) cohort study population.
A total of 1006 subjects, with an average age of 57 (51.75-63.00) years old, were randomly selected from the MASHAD cohort study phase II. This sample included 449 males and 557 females, who were contacted by phone to inquire about RLS. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were taken. Central obesity was defined as a WC > 90 cm for men and >85 cm for women, as well as a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) greater than 0.90 for men and 0.85 for women. Statistical analyses were conducted using R version 4.3.2 for Windows, with a significance level set at a two-sided P-value<0.05. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the categorical variables between two study groups. Logistic models applied to evaluate the association between RLS and BMI while adjusting for age effects.
The study found a significant relationship between RLS and employment status (p-value = 0.04), marital status (p-value = 0.05), and BMI (p-value<0.001). The results showed that in the total population, the OR of RLS in subjects having BMI>30 kg/m increased to 1.50(1.10-2.03) after adjusting for confounding factors (p-value<0.01). A BMI>30 kg/m increased odds of RLS by 1.72 times in males (95%CI: 1.03-2.84, p-value<0.05), however this association was diminished after adjustment (OR = 1.20, 95%CI: 0.64-2.17). There was no significant association between BMI and RLS in females. Moreover, there was no significant association between RLS and obesity based on WC and WHR in fully adjusted model respectively.
There was a significant association between BMI and RLS. A BMI>30 kg/m increased the odds of RLS by 1.50 times in the study population.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）作为一种相对不为人知的睡眠障碍，常与肥胖相关。本研究的目的是在马什哈德中风与心脏动脉粥样硬化疾病（MASHAD）队列研究人群中，探讨RLS与不同肥胖定义之间的关系。
从MASHAD队列研究的第二阶段中随机选取了1006名受试者，平均年龄为57（51.75 - 63.00）岁。该样本包括449名男性和557名女性，通过电话联系询问他们是否患有RLS。同时进行了体重、身高、腰围（WC）和臀围（HC）等人体测量。中心性肥胖的定义为男性腰围>90厘米，女性腰围>85厘米，以及男性腰臀比（WHR）大于0.90，女性腰臀比大于0.85。使用适用于Windows的R版本4.3.2进行统计分析，显著性水平设定为双侧P值<0.05。采用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验来比较两个研究组之间的分类变量。应用逻辑模型评估RLS与BMI之间的关联，并对年龄效应进行调整。
研究发现RLS与就业状况（p值 = 0.04）、婚姻状况（p值 = 0.05）和BMI（p值<0.001）之间存在显著关系。结果表明，在总体人群中，调整混杂因素后，BMI>30 kg/m²的受试者患RLS的OR值增加到1.50（1.10 - 2.03）（p值<0.01）。BMI>30 kg/m²使男性患RLS的几率增加1.72倍（95%CI：1.03 - 2.84，p值<0.05），然而调整后这种关联减弱（OR = 1.20，95%CI：0.64 - 2.17）。女性中BMI与RLS之间无显著关联。此外，在完全调整模型中，基于WC和WHR的RLS与肥胖之间也无显著关联。
BMI与RLS之间存在显著关联。在研究人群中，BMI>30 kg/m²使患RLS的几率增加1.50倍。
